Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) represents a critical area of research within the field of immunology and critical care medicine. It is characterized by an exaggerated immune response that can be triggered by various factors such as infections, surgeries, malignancies, and adverse medication events. This dysregulated cytokine storm can lead to a massive inflammatory cascade, resulting in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which often necessitates intensive care unit (ICU) admission for optimal management. Despite advancements in understanding the underlying etiologies and management strategies, significant gaps remain, particularly in the assessment and management of SIRS caused by novel immune treatments and rheumatological conditions. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of biomarkers in early identification of patients at high risk for severe SIRS and ICU admission. However, the integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice and their efficacy in guiding treatment strategies remain areas requiring further exploration.
This research topic aims to elucidate new causes of SIRS, understand its underlying physiology, evaluate the utility of biomarkers in patient management, and explore innovative treatment approaches. The primary objectives include identifying molecular and cellular biomarkers that can predict the onset, progression, and resolution of SIRS, and developing biomarker-guided clinical strategies for personalized patient management. Additionally, the research seeks to investigate novel immunotherapies and explore the potential repurposing of existing immunomodulatory therapies for SIRS treatment.
To gather further insights into the complex mechanisms and management of SIRS, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- SIRS and physiopathology depending on the etiology.
- Identification of molecular and cellular biomarkers that can predict the onset, progression, and resolution of SIRS.
- Biomarker-guided clinical strategies for personalized management of SIRS patients.
- New treatments of SIRS including development and evaluation of novel immunotherapies that specifically target immune pathways involved in SIRS.
- Exploration of existing immunomodulatory therapies and their potential repurposing for SIRS treatment.
- Studies on the role and behavior of various immune cells (e.g., neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells) in the development and progression of SIRS.
- Exploration of how immune cell recruitment and function are altered during SIRS.
- Analysis of the signaling pathways activated by these inflammatory mediators and their role in the pathophysiology of SIRS.
- Investigations into the role of immune checkpoints and regulatory mechanisms in modulating the immune response during SIRS.
- Potential therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways to restore immune balance.
Keywords: Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), critical care, cytokine, sepsis, biomarkers
Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.
