Pattern Recognition Receptors: Balancing Inflammation and Immune Homeostasis

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are pivotal in the field of immunology, serving as the primary sensors for detecting microbial infections and initiating the body's inflammatory response. These receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and others, recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate signaling pathways that lead to the production of inflammatory molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, and interferons. Recent studies have highlighted the dual role of PRRs in both promoting and resolving inflammation, emphasizing their importance in maintaining immune homeostasis. Despite significant advancements, there remain gaps in understanding the precise regulatory mechanisms that balance pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of PRR signaling is linked to various diseases, including immunodeficiencies and autoimmune disorders, underscoring the need for further investigation into their complex roles and interactions.

This Research Topic aims to delve into the intricate roles of PRRs in modulating immune responses, focusing on their signaling pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and the consequences of their dysregulation. By exploring these aspects, the research seeks to answer critical questions about how PRRs balance inflammation and immune homeostasis and to test hypotheses related to their potential as therapeutic targets. The ultimate objective is to enhance our understanding of PRR functions and to inform the development of novel strategies for managing diseases associated with inflammation.

To gather further insights into the roles of PRRs in immune regulation, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Mechanisms of PRR-mediated cytokine and chemokine production
- Cross-talk between PRR pathways and other signaling pathways
- The role of PRRs in tissue repair and regeneration
- Dysregulation of PRR signaling in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases
- Therapeutic strategies targeting PRR pathways to modulate immune responses
- Experimental models and systems for studying PRR functions and signaling