On the Edge of Antifungal Therapy: Exploring Novel Mechanisms of Action of Classical and New Drugs, Resistance and Antivirulence Strategies

Fungal infections have emerged as a major global health concern, further exacerbated by their frequent under/misdiagnosis or underreporting, leading to their classification as neglected diseases. Many of the causative pathogens are emerging fungi that exhibit resistance to conventional antifungal agents, along with altered physiological responses, enhanced stress tolerance and the increased expression of virulence factors. These adaptations not only complicate treatment but also contribute to rising mortality and morbidity rates, emphasizing the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. The development of such strategies holds significant potential to mitigate the burden of fungal infections on both human and animal health, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for affected populations.

This Research Topic aims to consolidate recent advancements in the treatment of fungal infections and antivirulence strategies targeting fungal pathogens. We encourage submissions that explore novel antifungal agents derived from drug repositioning studies or other innovative approaches. Beyond the identification of new compounds, we are particularly interested in research elucidating potential new mechanisms of action for classical and new antifungal drugs, which could enhance our understanding of their efficacy and the optimization of therapeutic strategies. Studies investigating the synergistic effects of active drug combinations against fungal pathogens are also highly encouraged, as these approaches may offer enhanced treatment options for resistant infections. In addition to novel therapeutics, we welcome research on strategies that reduce or inhibit the expression of virulence factors and pathogenicity. Ultimately, this research topic seeks to foster collaboration and knowledge exchange to advance the clinical management and treatment of fungal infections.

To gather further insights in antifungal therapy innovations, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Discovery of new antifungal compounds
- Drug repurposing approaches
- Mechanisms of action for both classical and novel antifungal agents
- Investigation of synergistic drug combinations
- Alternative strategies to enhance treatment efficacy against resistant fungal infections
- Pharmacological interventions targeting fungal virulence factors as a promising avenue to mitigate fungal pathogenicity and improve patient outcomes