Technology 2019, India" was published in Frontiers in Nanotechnology Journals (https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/15270/national-conference-on-nanobio-technology-2019-india). In this special issue, editors have selected nanomaterials-based articles that deal with applications in biosensors, drug delivery, nanotoxicity, etc. These selected articles were contributed from different reputed Indian universities, national laboratories, and research institutions with the aim to bring together scholars of various expertise including nanomaterials enabled biotechnology including nano-biosensors, bio-imaging, drug delivery, diagnostic devices, nano-toxicity and microbiology.Wide varieties of nanobio-technology related topics were covered in this special issue. The electrochemical sensors based on different nanomaterials for various analytes were reported. A new electrochemical sensor based on β-tricalcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode for the selective non-enzymatic determination of methyl parathion and mercury (II) ions independently. The sensor has high selectivity towards MP and Hg in the presence of major interfering compounds such as 3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-aminophenol, catechol, hydroquinone and heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic was reported.Applicability of the fabricated sensor for detection of MP and Hg (II) ions has been tested in tap 2 water by standard addition method. An electrochemical sensor for the detection of cholesterol based on thin films of nafion (polymer) and hematite or -Fe 2 O 3 (nanoparticles) nanocomposite is fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates.The synergy between the antifungal drugs and the ZnO quantum dots was studied and found that the incorporation of quantum dots can decrease the amount of drug in the treatment of fungal infections leading to reduce toxicity and their multitargeted action could limit evolution of fungal drug resistance. The gelatin nanoparticles were used for therapeutic applications. The Etoposide loaded gelatin nanoparticles (EGNPs) were tested for in-vivo therapeutic potential by studying pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and tumor regression in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) using mice model. High biocompatibility and bio-efficacy of EGNPs prove their therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.Two different nanomaterials based optical sensors were reported for the detection of toxins and antibiotics. Manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO 2 nps) were explored to study the interaction with aflatoxin (AFB1) and ochratoxin (OchA) using UV-visible spectroscopy. This bio-active free direct sensing approach of AFB1 and OchA sensing was reported as a potential analytical tool to estimate food quality rapidly and in affordable manner at the point of use. The L-Cysteine capped magnesium sulfide quantum dots (L-Cyst-MgS QDs) were used to detect Levofloxacin antibiotic via the photoinduced electron transfer mechanism. The fluorescence of the QDs was used as the sensing platform for the selective detection of Levofloxacin antibiotic.The oxidative stress and immunotoxicity imposed by Zinc selenium/ Zinc sulphide quantum dots (ZnSe/ZnS QDs) was studied and reported. The higher concentrations of the ZnSe/ZnS QDs causes cell death due to reactive oxygen species production. Overall study apparently provided attentive information that ZnSe/ZnS QDs is not capable of eliciting any serious damages to liver and brain tissues which in turn substantiates its applicability in biomedical applications. The cerium doped tin oxide nanoparticles (Ce doped SnO 2 nps) were studied for the antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic activity. The Ce doped SnO 2 nps prevented the E.coli bacterial growth. Also, the Ce doped SnO 2 nps were successfully used for the photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green dye under UV light irradiation.
A mathematical modelling of blood flow with the suspension of nanoparticles through a tapered artery with a blood clot was reported. On the other hand, a small review on the applications of 3D-printed microfluidics in biomedical applications. In the paper, the emerging diagnostic technologies using 3D printing as a method for integrating living cells or biomaterials into 3D printing were also reviewed. It is important to have standards and regulations in the device development used in health care sector. The National Physical Laboratory (NPL), India, is playing a significant role in this aspect. A brief the summary on the significant achievements and role of NPL in supporting the Indian medical device regulations was presented.Overall, the articles published in this special issue projected high-performance smart nanosystems for various biomedical applications focused on detection, treatment, and monitoring of a targeted marker. At the same time, scholars also raised the concern of limited resources and lacking translational and sustainable efforts to introduce nanoscience for industrial and clinical application. Editor also support this view and believe that in future more efforts will be made to divert fundamental research of nano-biotechnology towards translational. In this process, Frontiers in Nanotechnology journal always be one of the best platforms to publish such top ranked research to fill gap between education and applied technology.
