Response: Commentary: Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma
Alfonso Serrano Del Valle
Alberto Anel
Javier Naval
Isabel Marzo- Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
A Commentary on
Commentary: Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma
by Maes, K., and Breckpot, K. (2019). Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 7:149. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00149
“Immunotherapy of myeloma by using immunogenic dead cells seems to be more complex than anticipated.”
We have read with great interest and appreciated the Commentary of Ken Maes and Karine Breckpot pointing out the difficulties to achieve an efficient vaccination using myeloma cells killed by using anti-tumor drugs, in such a way to generate immunogenic corpses able to elicit protective immunity in patients. In this sense, the pioneer studies of De Beck et al. (2018), clearly illustrated the problems to achieve an immunization protocol providing a 100% protection. Although complete protection from myeloma development could not be reached, vaccination with drug-treated myeloma cells induced a delay in tumor progression (De Beck et al., 2018). This relevant work was inadvertently omitted in our previous review on immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immunotherapy of multiple myeloma (Serrano-Del Valle et al., 2019). Moreover, in experiments carried out after the publication of our review, we could not prevent induced myeloma in an immunocompetent mouse model that mimics human myeloma development, by vaccination with apoptotic myeloma cells killed with bona fide ICD inducers, which cause ecto-calreticulin exposure (data not shown). These results also illustrate the inability of current immunization protocols to completely prevent myeloma development, underscoring the problems discussed by Maes and Breckpot (2019). We also agree with these authors on which the ICD-inducing capacities of dying MM cells needs to be better defined to design more efficient, improved immunization protocols in immunocompetent mice as a first step to translate this information to human myeloma therapy.
Author Contributions
All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
References
De Beck, L., Melhaoui, S., De Veirman, K., Menu, E., De Bruyne, E., Vanderkerken, K., et al. (2018). Epigenetic treatment of multiple myeloma mediates tumor intrinsic and extrinsic immunomodulatory effects. Oncoimmunology 7:e1484981. doi: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1484981
Maes, K., and Breckpot, K. (2019). Commentary: immunogenic cell death and immunotherapy of multiple myeloma. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 7:149. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00149
Keywords: immunogenic cell death, multiple myeloma, ER stress, danger-associated molecular pattern, immunotherapy
Citation: Serrano Del Valle A, Anel A, Naval J and Marzo I (2019) Response: Commentary: Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 7:306. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00306
Received: 09 October 2019; Accepted: 11 November 2019;
Published: 27 November 2019.
Edited by:
Lawrence H. Boise, Emory University, United StatesReviewed by:
Leon Bernal-Mizrachi, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, United StatesCopyright © 2019 Serrano Del Valle, Anel, Naval and Marzo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Alfonso Serrano Del Valle, alfonso__serrano@hotmail.com