Coculture of Tumor Organoids with Pathogenic Microorganisms: A Novel System to Mimic in vivo Pathogenic Infection

Xue Zhang¹Shulan Sun¹Siqi Cheng²Junze Dai³Furong Du⁴Jingrui Wang⁴Dan Wei⁵Yichao Yan⁶Yefu Liu^1*

• ¹Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, China
• ²China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
• ³Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
• ⁴Kingbio Medical Co., Ltd., Chongqing, China
• ⁵Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China
• ⁶International Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Since the early 20 th century, there has been extensive discussion on the intricate relationship between pathogenic infection and tumors. However, most studies on host-pathogen interactions are performed based on the in-vitro culture, immortalized cell lines or animal experiments. A significant challenge lies in accurately establishing a coculture model between tumors and pathogens under the threedimensional (3D) context. Recently, the hybrid model system that incorporates 3D tumor organoids and two-dimensional cell lines have been gradually used to analyze the intricate relationship between pathogens and tumors, and several coculture techniques for tumor organoids and pathogens have also been developed. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the preparation and identification of tumor organoids, coculture techniques with pathogens, and their clinical applications, aiming to further understand and simulate the interaction mechanism between the hosts and pathogens.