ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Bone Research
Association between triglyceride glucose-systemic immune inflammation index (TyG-SII) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in fresh fracture patient: a real-world retrospective study
Chen He
Chen Ke
Xie Xuewen
Lin Mei
Yuan Weidan
Luo Shiyun
Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
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Abstract
Abstracts Backgroun: Currently, systemic inflammation indices and insulin resistance are both recognised as high-risk factors for venous thromboembolic diseases. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose-systemic inflammation index (TyG-SII) and the risk of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in populations with traumatic fractures. This study aims to investigate the relationship between TyG-SII and the risk of DVT. Methods: The study participants were inpatients from the Orthopaedic Centre of Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. Participants were divided into three groups using K-means clustering analysis based on changes in TyG-SII. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between different groups (based on different levels of TyG-SII and DVT. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression models were used to explore the potential nonlinear association between TyG-SII and DVT events. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to quantify the predictive ability of TyG-SII for DVT. Subgroup analyses further confirmed the relationship between TyG-SII and DVT in different populations. Results: Among the 5,455 patients, 1,991 (36.50%) developed DVT, and 646 (11.84%) developed only MCVT. After adjusting for various potential confounding factors, patients with moderate (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.66–0.98) and high levels of TyG-SII had a significantly lower risk of DVTcompared to those with low levels of TyG-SII (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.95). Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1) of baseline TyG-SII, the third quartile (Q3) showed the most significant protective effect (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.39–0.55). Additionally, there was a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between baseline TyG-SII and DVT risk, with thresholds of 242.14 and 3710.98, respectively. Conclusions: For patients with traumatic fractures, TyG-SII is independently associated with the risk of lower limb DVT. Maintaining a good TyG-SII index helps prevent the occurrence of DVT after traumatic fractures.
Summary
Keywords
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT), Fracture, K-Means clustering, Real-world retrospective study, Triglyceride glucose-systemic immune inflammation index (TyG-SII)
Received
07 September 2025
Accepted
17 February 2026
Copyright
© 2026 He, Ke, Xuewen, Mei, Weidan and Shiyun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Luo Shiyun
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