REVIEW article
Front. Energy Res.
Sec. Bioenergy and Biofuels
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2025.1634354
This article is part of the Research TopicBiochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass: Challenges and OpportunitiesView all articles
RESEARCH PROGRESS ON INFLUENCING FACTORS AND CONTROL METHODS OF SLAGGING IN BIOMASS COMBUSTION
Provisionally accepted
- Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Biomass combustion serves as a carbon-neutral energy solution but faces persistent challenges due to ash-related operational inefficiencies. This review systematically examines the thermochemical interactions among alkali metals (K, Na), chlorine (Cl), and sulfur (S) in biomass ash systems, elucidating their synergistic contributions to deposition mechanisms while evaluating mitigation approaches. KCl volatilization-condensation dominates in high-chlorine feedstocks (agricultural residues), whereas sulfates control ash deposition in lignocellulosic biomass. Bed agglomeration mechanisms stem from alkali silicate eutectics with depressed melting points (K₂O·nSiO₂), while chloride-induced degradation of protective oxide layers initiates metallic corrosion. Comprehensive assessment of mitigation techniques reveals aluminosilicate additives (kaolin) outperform conventional pretreatment methods (aqueous and acid leaching), achieving ash fusion temperature elevation beyond 1300℃ through interfacial reactions generating refractory kalsilite (KAlSiO4). The synthesis demonstrates that hybrid strategies combining fuel-specific preprocessing with optimized additive formulations produce synergistic mitigation effects. Critically, the compatibility between fuel properties (e.g., Cl/S ratios, ash composition) and mitigation strategies governs efficacy; kaolin excels for high-K biomass but shows limited stability in thermal-cycling environments. These insights provide mechanistic understanding essential for optimizing combustion system durability, while highlighting unresolved challenges in fuel-additive compatibility, additive stability under thermal cycling, and advanced corrosion-resistant material development.
Keywords: Biomass combustion, Biomass ash, slagging, Alkali metals, Ash behavior control
Received: 24 May 2025; Accepted: 24 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Luan, Wang, Shao, Cui, Han and He. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Ping Han, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
Qiang He, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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