Frontiers in Immunology | Viral Immunology

Original Research

Published on 04 Feb 2026

Innate and adaptive immune patterns in hospitalised COVID-19 patients: a framework for precision monitoring in viral and inflammatory syndromes

in Viral Immunology

Salvatore Corrao
Raffaella Mallaci Bocchio
Salvatore Scibetta
Antonella Montalbano
Giuseppe Natoli
Luigi Calvo
Francesco Gervasi
Christiano Argano
Internal Medicine IGR COVID-19 Investigators

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1683748

357 views

Correction

Published on 04 Feb 2026

Correction: HIV subtype-specific gp140-CD4 binding, Temsavir efficacy, and identification of novel adhesion inhibitors against Chinese HIV strains

in Viral Immunology

Tianyang Liu
Xiaowen Li
Xiaolin Yang
Shengjie Zhang
Yao Wang
Siwei Zhang
Lin Cheng
Shanshan Tang
Fuxiang Wang
Yao Zhao

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1795238

164 views

Original Research

Accepted on 02 Feb 2026

400 AU/mL IgG Protective Threshold Against SARS-CoV-2 XBB Reinfection in Chinese Inactivated Vaccine Recipients: Implications for Booster Vaccination

in Viral Immunology

Zhiying Yin
Mengcheng Yin
Fei Zhao
Canya Fu
Wenjie Xu
Quanjun Fang
Xiaoying Gong
Shuangqing Wang
Zheng Canjie

Frontiers in Immunology

Brief Research Report

Published on 02 Feb 2026

HIV status defines distinct immunological drivers of persistent portal hypertension after HCV cure in people with advanced cirrhosis

in Viral Immunology

Rubén Martín-Escolano
Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
Laura Tarancon-Diez
Juan Berenguer
Helena Codina
Rafael Amigot-Sánchez
Juan González-García
Víctor Hontañón
Leire Pérez-Latorre
Luis Ibañez-Samaniego

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1683092

364 views

Original Research

Published on 02 Feb 2026

Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening identifies host factors critical for antiviral defense against equine herpesvirus type 1

in Viral Immunology

Ziqian Li
Tingting Yu
Lijuan Ge
Shubing Lv
Qiang Fu
Huijun Shi

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764863

680 views

Original Research

Published on 30 Jan 2026

Broad and robust T cell immunity compensates the population immune barrier against antibody-escaping Omicron variants

in Viral Immunology

Yuanyuan Guo
Peipei Guo
Jinmin Tian
Yeerzati Tuluhongtayi
Rui Song
George F. Gao
Xin Zhao
Jun Liu

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1731340

799 views

Review

Published on 29 Jan 2026

Orchestrating immunopathology: the spectrum of programmed cell death pathways co-opted by influenza a virus in pulmonary immunity

in Viral Immunology

Yuanyuan Luo
Li Xiang
Qingman He
Yongxiang Gao
Chuan Zheng
Huan Yao

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1705500

356 views

Original Research

Accepted on 28 Jan 2026

Divergent Macrophage Responses to Influenza A Virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae: Co-infection Drives Bacterial Dominance whereas Superinfection Favors Viral Priming

in Viral Immunology

Estanislao Nistal-Villan
Javier Arranz-Herrero
Jana Baranda
Sergio Rius-Rocabert
Ivan Gonzalez-Ruiz
Alberto Miranda-Bedate
Elena Pinelli
Vicent Tur-Planells
Ines Inchausti-Moya
Sara Izpura Luis

Frontiers in Immunology

197 views

Original Research

Accepted on 28 Jan 2026

Differential Antiviral Effects and Immune Responses in Nasal and Airway Organoid During RSV Infection: Implications for Interferon Therapy

in Viral Immunology

Linmei Wang
Lina Chen
Lin Yang
Yanan Hu
Danli Lu
You Duan
Li Qiu
Yan Li
Rui Zhang
Hanmin Liu

Frontiers in Immunology

136 views

Review

Published on 28 Jan 2026

Pattern recognition receptors and their roles in antiviral innate immunity in livestock

in Viral Immunology

Shujing Liu
Junpeng Qi
Yuxin Wang
Minglu Liu
Monong Su
Liang Wang
Minghua Li
Zimo Zhao
Jilin Chen

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1746193

766 views

Review

Published on 27 Jan 2026

Research progress on antiviral drugs and vaccines for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

in Viral Immunology

Chendan Chen
Jianhua Li
Jiaxuan Li
Renjin Huang
Chenghao Chen
Jinghan Xu
Yanjun Zhang
Yongliang Lou

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1730089

808 views

Original Research

Published on 27 Jan 2026

Comparable immune escape capacity for NB.1 with that of JN.1 variant and survey of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants among Chinese Felis silvestris catus

in Viral Immunology

Youhua Yuan
Yiman Geng
Qiyuan Zhu
Bingfu Sun
Junhong Xu
Xiaohuan Mao
Xiaohuan Zhang
Wenqian Tian
Jing Zhao
Peiming Zheng

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1766267

724 views

Original Research

Accepted on 23 Jan 2026

Characterization of Subchronic Lung and Brain Consequences Caused by Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Infection of C57BL6 mice

in Viral Immunology

Joshua Currey
Chenxiao Wang
Meredith G Mayer
Yilin Chen
Ana Karina Nisperuza Vidal
Michaela J Allen
Mst Shamima Khatun
Calder Ellsworth
Mohammad Islamuddin
Jefferson Evangelista

Frontiers in Immunology

296 views

Original Research

Published on 22 Jan 2026

Sphingosine kinase 2 suppresses neutrophil responses to promote viral persistence while attenuating immune pathology

in Viral Immunology

Vijayamahantesh Vijayamahantesh
Ying He
Lei Jiang
Hailey Huerter
Kwang Il Jung
Savannah McKenna
Caleb J. Studstill
Lee-Ann H. Allen
Ravi Nistala
Dong Xu

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1706967

775 views

Original Research

Published on 21 Jan 2026

Neutrophil depletion at the early stage of Japanese encephalitis virus infection affects CD8+ T cell infiltration into the mouse brain and causes severe encephalitis

in Viral Immunology

Rohit Soni
Prasanjit Jena
B. Kusuma
Arup Banerjee

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1748085

2,458 views

Original Research

Published on 21 Jan 2026

CREG1 restricts ALV-J replication via the mitochondrial dysfunction–driven activation of innate immunity and apoptosis

in Viral Immunology

Qihong Zhang
Meihuizi Wang
Ming Pan
Junliang Xia
Tao Xu
Wen Luo
Xiquan Zhang

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1760120

788 views

Review

Accepted on 19 Jan 2026

Role of Mucosal Chemokines in the Development of Tissue-Resident CD4+ and CD8+ TRM Cells to Fend Off Herpes Simplex Infections

in Viral Immunology

LBACHIR BENMOHAMED
Yassir Lekbach
Aziz Chentoufi
Swayam Prakash
Sweta Karan
Kathy K Hormi-Carver
Joshua Dorotta
Afshana Quadiri

Frontiers in Immunology

195 views

Review

Published on 16 Jan 2026

Internalization-related host factors of common respiratory viruses

in Viral Immunology

Qiuchi Lv
Zhengde Xie
Lili Xu

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1724561

896 views

Original Research

Published on 16 Jan 2026

Aberrant systemic acute-phase complement responses in conjunction with soluble CR1 attribute to varying grades of dengue disease severity

in Viral Immunology

Abdul R. Anshad
Shanmugam Saravanan
Amudhan Murugesan
Ravindran Vighnesh
Sivadoss Raju
Rajendran Kannan
Yean K. Yong
Marie Larsson
Esaki M. Shankar

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1731011

1,247 views

Review

Published on 16 Jan 2026

Recent advances in human cytomegalovirus: a comprehensive review of pathogenic mechanisms, virus-host interactions, and antiviral strategies

in Viral Immunology

Ying Xia
Ji Zhang
Xiaochuan Shui
Chao Wang
Shuaijie Zhang
Wenqi Chai
Yang Yang
Liang Shen
Chunhua Wang

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1636978

1,054 views

Original Research

Published on 15 Jan 2026

SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infection in vitro and in vivo

in Viral Immunology

Kamini Jakhar
Sudipta Sonar
Gagandeep Singh
Tejeswara Rao Asuru
Garima Joshi
Nisha Beniwal
Tania Sarkar
Mahima Tiwari
Jaskaran Kaur
Deepak Kumar Rathore

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1724625

2,105 views

Case Report

Published on 14 Jan 2026

Case Report: Ramsay Hunt syndrome with simultaneous bilateral vestibular dysfunction as the initial manifestation in a patient with a history of breast cancer

in Viral Immunology

Shusheng Jiao
Miaomiao Li
Xiaofang Cheng
Liping Chen
Yan Li

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1709001

794 views

Case Report

Published on 12 Jan 2026

A critically ill adolescent with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-induced hyperinflammatory shock: a case report and literature review

in Viral Immunology

Yong Chen
Ruodai Zhang
Chenghu Wang
Yi Ren

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1749172

810 views

Original Research

Published on 12 Jan 2026

Interleukin-10 as a potential biomarker reflecting the multidimensional pathological network in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: viral load, cytokine storm, organ damage, and immune suppression

in Viral Immunology

Ruihua Zhang
Jingxia Wang
Yanli Xu
Ruize Ma
Wan Peng
Zhouling Jiang
Hongxiao Wu
Chenxi Zhao
Ling Lin
Mengyuan Zhang

Frontiers in Immunology

doi 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1673091

1,512 views

2,752 articles

articles

Innate and adaptive immune patterns in hospitalised COVID-19 patients: a framework for precision monitoring in viral and inflammatory syndromes

Correction: HIV subtype-specific gp140-CD4 binding, Temsavir efficacy, and identification of novel adhesion inhibitors against Chinese HIV strains

400 AU/mL IgG Protective Threshold Against SARS-CoV-2 XBB Reinfection in Chinese Inactivated Vaccine Recipients: Implications for Booster Vaccination

HIV status defines distinct immunological drivers of persistent portal hypertension after HCV cure in people with advanced cirrhosis

Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening identifies host factors critical for antiviral defense against equine herpesvirus type 1

Broad and robust T cell immunity compensates the population immune barrier against antibody-escaping Omicron variants

Orchestrating immunopathology: the spectrum of programmed cell death pathways co-opted by influenza a virus in pulmonary immunity

Divergent Macrophage Responses to Influenza A Virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae: Co-infection Drives Bacterial Dominance whereas Superinfection Favors Viral Priming

Differential Antiviral Effects and Immune Responses in Nasal and Airway Organoid During RSV Infection: Implications for Interferon Therapy

Pattern recognition receptors and their roles in antiviral innate immunity in livestock

Research progress on antiviral drugs and vaccines for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

Comparable immune escape capacity for NB.1 with that of JN.1 variant and survey of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants among Chinese Felis silvestris catus

Characterization of Subchronic Lung and Brain Consequences Caused by Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Infection of C57BL6 mice

Sphingosine kinase 2 suppresses neutrophil responses to promote viral persistence while attenuating immune pathology

Neutrophil depletion at the early stage of Japanese encephalitis virus infection affects CD8+ T cell infiltration into the mouse brain and causes severe encephalitis

CREG1 restricts ALV-J replication via the mitochondrial dysfunction–driven activation of innate immunity and apoptosis

Role of Mucosal Chemokines in the Development of Tissue-Resident CD4+ and CD8+ TRM Cells to Fend Off Herpes Simplex Infections

Internalization-related host factors of common respiratory viruses

Aberrant systemic acute-phase complement responses in conjunction with soluble CR1 attribute to varying grades of dengue disease severity

Recent advances in human cytomegalovirus: a comprehensive review of pathogenic mechanisms, virus-host interactions, and antiviral strategies

SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infection in vitro and in vivo

Case Report: Ramsay Hunt syndrome with simultaneous bilateral vestibular dysfunction as the initial manifestation in a patient with a history of breast cancer

A critically ill adolescent with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-induced hyperinflammatory shock: a case report and literature review

Interleukin-10 as a potential biomarker reflecting the multidimensional pathological network in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: viral load, cytokine storm, organ damage, and immune suppression