ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Gastrointestinal Cancers: Gastric and Esophageal Cancers
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1590680
Role of CDH1 Gene Variants and E-cadherin Localization in Gastric Mucosal Cancerization
Provisionally accepted
- 1Institute of Gastroenterology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- 3Spleen and Stomach Research Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- 4Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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This study investigates the role of CDH1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mRNA transcription levels, and E-cadherin protein localization in Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-associated gastric diseases and their contribution to gastric mucosal carcinogenesis. Methods: Gastric mucosal samples were analyzed for histopathology (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining) and Hp detection (rapid urease test, Giemsa staining). SNPs at the CDH1 gene rs16260 locus were identified via sequencing, mRNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR, and Ecadherin localization was assessed using Elivision™ Plus. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 25.0. Results: Participants were grouped by gastric mucosal pathology: normal (NOR), gastric inflammation (GI), gastric atrophy (GA), gastric premalignant lesion (GPL), severe dysplasia (GSD), and gastric cancer (GC). No significant differences were found in CDH1 rs16260 genotypes. However, CDH1 transcription was higher in GC compared to NOR and GPL groups. Intestinal metaplasia showed lower CDH1 mRNA levels. E-cadherin expression was higher in GSD and GC compared to other groups. Localization analysis revealed decreased membranebound E-cadherin with increased cytoplasmic expression as lesion severity increased. Quantitative analysis showed higher E-cadherin expression in GA than other groups, indicating an initial rise followed by a decline in malignancy. Regression analysis suggested that elevated CDH1 mRNA increased gastric cancer risk, while E-cadherin cytoplasmic ectopic expression heightened the risk of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer.The A allele of the CDH1 gene rs16260 locus show no effect in gastric mucosal pathological evolution, while the elevated mRNA transcription levels potentially increasing the risk of gastric cancer. The loss and ectopic expression of E-cadherin may be significant risk factors for malignant transformation in the gastric mucosa.
Keywords: E-caderin, CDH1, gastric cancer, SNP, Helicobacer pylori
Received: 10 Mar 2025; Accepted: 16 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wu, Zhang, Dai, Luo, Lan, Chen, Chen, Li and Hu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ling Hu, Spleen and Stomach Research Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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