ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1616702
Epidemiological trends and Projections of esophageal cancer in BRICS-plus: based on the GBD 2021 database
Provisionally accepted
- 1Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- 2AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF SHANDONG SECOND MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- 3The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Esophageal cancer represents a substantial global health challenge. Given their diverse socio-economic profiles and large populations, the BRICS countries are pivotal in elucidating the burden of this disease. Nonetheless, limited research has systematically examined the trends of esophageal cancer within these nations.Method: This research utilized data from the GBD database, encompassing ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, ASDR, and 95% UI. The EAPC was employed to assess trends, while the BAPC model was used to project future trends. Four risk factors were examined, and health inequalities were evaluated using SII and CI.In 2021, China reported the highest rates across all metrics among BRICS countries, whereas Egypt exhibited the lowest rates in most cases. Smoking was identified as the predominant factor contributing to esophageal cancer mortality and DALYs in the majority of countries.Ethiopia demonstrated the highest proportion of cases attributable to a diet low in vegetables, India to tobacco chewing, and Russia to alcohol consumption. Health inequalities between countries were observed to be gradually narrowing. Projections indicate that from 2021 to 2030, Egypt, Iran, and South Africa will experience declines across all rates. Brazil, Russia, India, and the UAE are expected to see reductions in ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR but increases in ASMR. Conversely, China's ASIR, ASPR, and ASMR are projected to rise, except for ASDR. In Saudi Arabia, ASPR and ASMR are anticipated to increase, while ASIR and ASDR will decrease. Ethiopia is expected to witness increases in most rates.This study examined the burden of esophageal cancer in BRICS countries. Recognizing the disparities across multiple dimensions can aid these nations in formulating more effective public health strategies and optimizing resource allocation, both of which are essential for the prevention and control of the disease.
Keywords: esophageal cancer, BRICS-Plus, GBD 2021, health inequalities, projection
Received: 27 May 2025; Accepted: 14 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang, Wei, Qi, Cui and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Hongxue Cui, AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF SHANDONG SECOND MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
Xiaobo Liu, AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF SHANDONG SECOND MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.