ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pediatr.

Sec. Neonatology

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1592069

This article is part of the Research TopicBronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Latest Advances-Volume IIView all 12 articles

Third-day weight changes and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk in preterm infants: a cohort study

Provisionally accepted
Wenqian ChenWenqian Chen1,2Wenhong CaiWenhong Cai1,2Zhen LinZhen Lin1,2Xiaofeng YeXiaofeng Ye1,2Bingjie ChenBingjie Chen1,2Susu MeiSusu Mei1,2Huang TtHuang Tt1,2Yanli RenYanli Ren1,2*
  • 1Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • 2College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Objective: Fluid balance and weight changes in the early postnatal period are critical indicators of neonatal adaptation and have been implicated in the development of complications in preterm infants. However, the relationship between early weight changes and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between weight change by the third day of life and the subsequent risk of BPD in preterm infants.Study Design: A retrospective cohort study included preterm infants <32 weeks gestation or <1500 g birth weight. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between weight change byday 3 (percentage change from birth weight)and BPD.Results: Among 453 infants, 97.4% (n=441) had weight changes between -15% and 5%, with a BPD incidence of 34.2%. Each 1% increase in weight change by day 3 was linked to a 10% increase in BPD risk (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.18). Infants without weight loss had a 2.52-fold higher BPD risk (OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.34–4.80).Conclusion: Weight loss byday 3 is associated with a lower BPD risk in preterm infants. The day 3 weight change is a noninvasive and simple early predictor of BPD, and optimizing early fluid management to guide appropriate weight changes may help reduce BPD incidence.

Keywords: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Weight change, preterm infants, Third-day after birth, predictor

Received: 12 Mar 2025; Accepted: 13 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Cai, Lin, Ye, Chen, Mei, Tt and Ren. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Yanli Ren, Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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