Multidisciplinary Management and Nursing Care for a Preterm Infant with Rare Extrarenal Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor: A Clinical Case Study

Qiaojia Zhou¹Yuanhong Lü¹Mingna Chen¹Lu Zhang¹Qiong Chen²Yuan Li²Queyun Zhou¹Xi huang^2*

• ¹Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
• ²West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Objective: To report the multidisciplinary management and perioperative nursing strategies for a preterm infant with extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor complicated by fungal infection of the tumor, and to evaluate the effectiveness of humanistic care measures for the family facing a fatal outcome due to malignancy. Methods: This case study details the perioperative management and nursing care of a preterm infant with extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor. Preoperatively, aggressive anti-infective therapy, isolation measures, and a personalized skin management plan preserved tumor integrity. Postoperatively, care included preventing hypothermia, controlling wound infection, and refining pain management. Psychological support for parents reduced maternal PTSD risk. Post-discharge, individualized guidance and follow-up visits ensured continuity of care, extending survival and improving quality of life. Results: The infant's preoperative condition was effectively managed; the fungal infection was controlled with no nosocomial transmission, and tumor integrity was preserved without new ulcerations. Postoperatively, the infant's physiological functions improved significantly, with no instances of hypothermia or wound infection. Pain scores were successfully maintained at mild-to-moderate levels. The humanistic care approach was associated with positive psychosocial outcomes; the mother's anxiety score decreased from 31 to 17 by discharge, and the parents demonstrated calm acceptance of the infant's prognosis. The infant showed good growth, reaching 4.9 kg at two months of age. Ultimately, the infant survived for 214 days, passing away on February 17, 2024, from tumor recurrence with intracranial metastasis. Conclusion: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary management approach is critical for rare and aggressive neonatal tumors. In this case, targeted perioperative nursing strategies played a vital role in controlling infection, preserving tumor integrity, and stabilizing the infant's physiological functions. Furthermore, integrated humanistic care was essential in alleviating family psychological stress and improving the infant's quality of life. This case provides a valuable reference for the integrated medical and nursing care of similar challenging cases.