ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Pediatric Neurology
The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Models in Addressing the Concerns of Families of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Trakya Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Edirne, Türkiye
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Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive but permanent motor disorder that significantly affects children and their families. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)- based information systems, families increasingly use these tools to address their concerns. Objective: This study compared the clinical relevance of responses from ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek to frequently asked CP-related questions by families. Methods: Ten key questions, compiled from reputable medical websites, were posed separately to each AI model. Responses were rated by two independent experts using a 4-point Likert scale, with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Results: Gemini achieved the highest mean score (3.2), followed by ChatGPT (2.9) and DeepSeek (2.9). All models provided strong general CP information but underperformed in complex areas such as surgical indications. Gemini gave more structured and comprehensive responses, while ChatGPT and DeepSeek occasionally lacked detail or clarity. Conclusion: While AI language models can offer useful CP-related information, their reliability in complex clinical decision-making remains limited. Expert oversight is essential, and future systems should integrate multimodal capabilities for improved family guidance and engagement.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, Gemini, deepseek, Cerebral Palsy, PediatricOrthopaedics
Received: 27 Aug 2025; Accepted: 24 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Erem, Mercan, Yıldırım, Selçuk and Ünyılmaz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Murat Erem, muraterem@trakya.edu.tr
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