Correction: Systematic Analysis of the Interaction Mechanism between Platelets and Coronary Heart Disease: From Molecular Pathways to New Strategies for Plant based Antiplatelet Therapy

Li Liao^1*Xiaoxuan Li¹Hong Xu¹Jing Tang¹BO LI²Yan Tang^1*Fang Xie^1*

• ¹The Second People's Hospital of Yibin City, Yibin, China
• ²Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China

1 Introduction Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is a cardiovascular disorder characterized by the gradual narrowing of coronary arteries due to plaque accumulation or atherosclerosis(Baaten et al. 2024). Its hallmark feature is the substantial obstruction within the vascular lumen, which not only results in myocardial ischaemia and hypoxiabut can also precipitate cardiomyocyte necrosis. These pathological alterations ultimately culminate in severe outcomes such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death(Dong et al. 2019). Currently, CHD ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide(Bi et al. 2015). Platelets, multifunctional nucleate cells with a diameter of 2-4 μm, are present at concentrations of 150-350×109/L in healthy individuals. Despite lacking genomic DNA, they contain megakaryocyte-derived messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translational machinery essentialfor protein synthesis(Davizon-Castillo et al. 2020). Platelets play a critical role in maintaining vascular wall integrity, preventing excessive blood loss due to tissue damage(de Gaetano and Cerletti 2002; Brewer 2006), and are central to processes such as thrombosis and haemostasis(Davì and Patrono 2007). Consequently, platelets are increasingly recognised as key players in many other pathophysiological processes, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), and a wide range of serious diseases such as ischemic stroke(Sabetta et al. 2022). Antiplatelet therapy is therefore considered one of the most important tools for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease (IHD)(Wiviott et al. 2007; Wallentin et al. 2009 ), stroke(Amarenco et al. 2020), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD)(Bonaca et al. 2013 ). In traditional medicine, CHD is classified under the conditions of chest paralysis and heart pain. Its etiology primarily encompasses factors such as qi depression, phlegm, blood stasis, fire-heat, cold condensation and zhengqi deficiency. The pathological mechanisms mainly involve processes like coagulation, inflammation and immune response(Lan et al. 2024). As a traditional medical resource mainly derived from natural herbs, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) boasts advantages such as multi-targeting, multi-pathway, low adverse effects and a wealth of clinical practice, has long been employed to maintain human health. At present, a multitude of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs), systematic evaluations and meta-analyses have affirmed that TCM offers certain benefits in the comprehensive prevention and control of coronary artery lesions(Teng et al. 2024). It can not only effectively impede early critical lesions but also delay the onset of heart failure complications following advanced myocardial infarction(Cheang et al. 2024; Chen, Wei, et al. 2023). Furthermore, TCM improves symptoms associated with CHD like chest tightness and chest pain(Zhang et al. 2025). Hence, it is crucial to investigate the pharmacological and material basis of anti-CHD treatments and their related mechanism of action within the framework of TCM.