ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacology of Anti-Cancer Drugs
This article is part of the Research TopicIntegrated PK/PD and Drug Metabolism Approaches in Drug Development and EvaluationView all 11 articles
Development and validation of a two-dimensional liquid chromatography method for therapeutic drug monitoring of pyrotinib in human plasma
Provisionally accepted
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- 2Tongchuan People's Hospital, Tongchuan, Shaanxi, China
- 3Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, China
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Objective: To develop and validate a method for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of pyrotinib in human plasma using two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) system. Method: The plasma samples were pretreated with acetonitrile for protein precipitation. The mobile phase consisted of two parts: a first-dimensional mobile phase (methanol, acetonitrile, and 65 mmol/L ammonium phosphate in a ratio of 1:3:3, V/V/V) and a second-dimensional mobile phase (acetonitrile, isopropanol, and 10 mmol/L ammonium phosphate in a ratio of 16:7:1, V/V/V). The analysis cycle time was completed within 9.50 min. The method was validated for linearity, recovery, precision, accuracy, and stability. Results: Pyrotinib demonstrated excellent linearity within the range of 10.10-810.40ng/ml with regression equation y = 556.4044x + 462.40 (R2=0.9995). The relative recovery rate of plasma samples was stable and reproducible, ranging from 96.82% to 100.12%. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were ≤5.30% and ≤3.80% for pyrotinib concentrations, respectively. Stability tests confirmed that pyrotinib in plasma remained stable under the following conditions: room temperature for 8 hours, 4°C for 48 hours, -20°C for 3 weeks, three freeze-thaw cycles. This method was validated in twenty patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer (dose range: 240-400 mg/day) The trough and peak plasma concentrations of pyrotinib ranged from 17.75-92.56ng/ml and 51.17-232.94ng/ml, respectively, which demonstrated significant pharmacokinetic heterogeneity. Conclusion: The developed 2D-LC analytical method not only demonstrates good precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability, but also is simple, rapid, feasible, and practical for TDM. It can be used for the concentration monitoring of pyrotinib in clinic, providing more scientific evidence for clinical practice.
Keywords: two-dimensional liquid chromatography, Pyrotinib, Plasma drug concentration, Therapeutic drug monitoring, HER2-positive breast cancer, Validation
Received: 13 Sep 2025; Accepted: 14 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Gao, Cao, An, Li, Meng, Lan, You and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Haisheng You, haishengyou77@163.com
Siying Chen, ychen0326@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
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