ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
Development and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Granisetron Hydrochloride Buccal Tablets for Optimized Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Relief
Provisionally accepted
Chandra Shekar Thalluri1
Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke2*
Mallikarjun Vasam3
Jharna Medhi1
Ananda Kumar Chettupalli4Bharath Kumar Mamilla mugaiahgari5
Bayapa Reddy NARAPUREDDY5
Vinod Kumar Yata6Ravi Chander Thatipelli7- 1Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, India
- 2Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
- 3Omega College of Pharmacy, Medchal, India
- 4Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
- 5King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- 6Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, India
- 7Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy, Warangal, India
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The purpose of developing Granisetron hydrochloride buccal tablets is to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The buccal tablets were made with direct compression and the response surface methodology was used for optimization of the formulations using two different formulations – Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (X₁) and carbomer 934P (X₂). The evaluation of the optimal formulation response was also conducted by looking at the mucoadhesion strength, the time to 50% drug release (t₅₀) and the cumulative drug release. The drug-excipient compatibility studies, as shown using FT-IR and DSC, demonstrate a compatibility between drug and excipients. F3 represents the optimal formulation that contained 50 mg of HPMC K4M and 15 mg of carbomer 934P and exhibited adequate mucoadhesion strength (8.25 ± 0.12 g), drug release (t₅₀ 323 ± 0.35 min) and cumulative drug release (70.23 ± 2.14% at 8 hr). Drug release patterns were determined to follow the korsmeyer-peppas model, indicating the transport mechanism was anomalous. Pharmacokinetic analysis determined a significant increase in Cmax and AUC for buccal Tablets versus oral tablets (p < 0.04), thus demonstrating the potential of buccal drug delivery systems in CINV management.
Keywords: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), DD solver and controlled release, Granisetron hydrochloride, Mucoadhesive polymers, Response Surface Methodology
Received: 23 Oct 2025; Accepted: 29 Jan 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Thalluri, Bukke, Vasam, Medhi, Chettupalli, Mamilla mugaiahgari, NARAPUREDDY, Yata and Thatipelli. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke
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