REVIEW article

Front. Pharmacol.

Sec. Pharmacology of Anti-Cancer Drugs

Dual-Mechanism of Phytochemicals in Cancer Therapy: Synergistic Anti-angiogenic Potency in Cancer and Proangiogenic Impact Against Chemotherapy-Induced Cytotox-icity in Vital Organs

  • 1. Sohag University, Nasser City, Egypt

  • 2. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

  • 3. Minia University, Minya, Egypt

  • 4. United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Abstract

Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis, yet physiological angiogenesis is equally critical for tissue repair and endothelial homeostasis. This creates a therapeutic dilemma: suppressing tumor neovas-cularization without impairing vascular integrity in healthy organs, particularly under cytotoxic chemotherapy. This review summarizes key pro-and anti-angiogenic pathways that regulate tumor vascularization, highlights limitations of current anti-angiogenic therapies (including resistance and delivery barriers), and synthesizes evidence that selected phytochemicals exert context-dependent angiogenesis modulation. Specifically, many compounds inhibit pathological tumor angiogenesis (via VEGF/HIF-1α/NF-κB/MMP-related signaling) while supporting endothelial defense and microvascular recovery in non-cancerous tissues through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways (e.g., Nrf2/HO-1). Finally, we discuss translational require-ments—bioavailability, standardization, dosing windows, and safety—to inform rational adjunct development and future biomarker-driven clinical trials

Summary

Keywords

Angiogenesis, Antiangiogenetic therapy, chemotherapy toxicity, Cytoprotection, phytochemicals

Received

08 January 2026

Accepted

19 February 2026

Copyright

© 2026 Elsayed Abouzed, K. Bayoumy, Hagar, Rabea, Hashem and Khalifa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

*Correspondence: Hazim O. Khalifa

Disclaimer

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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