SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Psychiatry
Sec. Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry
Psychiatric readmission of children and adolescents in China: A scoping review
Provisionally accepted
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Objectives: Psychiatric readmission in children and adolescents is not uncommon in developed countries. Despite the increasing medical resources allocated to children and adolescents with mental health problems in China, the effectiveness of psychiatric inpatient treatment and the current situation of rehospitalization are not well documented. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to describe the actual prevalence, associative factors and potential interventions for psychiatric readmission among children and adolescents in China. Documents indexed in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Wanfang and CNKI were searched for by May 2025. Two authors independently reviewed the records. Results: Of the 723 recordings, 19 met the inclusion criteria. For children and adolescents with heterogeneous mental health diagnostic groups, the weighted average readmission rate was 18.6% overall, with rates of 8.6% for follow-up periods under one year and 20.9% for periods of one year or more, respectively. The readmission rate was higher in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and lower in those with mood disorders. The risk factors related to psychiatric readmission included longer follow-up duration and hospitalization of the initial treatment, poor adherence to medication, frequent changes in treatment regimens, poor treatment responses, childhood onset, family history of mental illness, excitability/hostility, insufficient sleep, anxiety, and obesity. The protective factors related to psychiatric readmission included support from family, teachers and friends for patients with depression, and obsessive‒compulsive symptoms for patients with schizophrenia. Only preliminary evidence was found regarding interventions for psychiatric inpatient children and adolescents or their parents. Conclusions: This review provides a significant overview of current psychiatric inpatient treatments for children and adolescents in China. Our findings underscore the notable frequency of psychiatric readmissions, highlighting the need for targeted interventions, particularly for children and adolescents exhibiting certain clinical features and challenges with treatment adherence or responsiveness.
Keywords: Children and adolescents, Chinese, Mental Health, Psychiatric readmission, Scoping review
Received: 04 Dec 2025; Accepted: 09 Feb 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Sun, He, Wu, Yao and Jiang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Wanqi Sun
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