The psychological significance of female traditional initiation rites among the Bakopa community of South Africa: A qualitative approach to the understanding of koma ya basadi

Mmakotsedi Magampa^1*Thelmah Maluleke²Rudzani Marry Mhlari³Anastasia Ngobe⁴Lehlogonolo Makola¹Abongile Pindo¹Alinah Kelo Segobye⁵Tholene Sodi²

• ¹Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
• ²University of Limpopo, Sovenga, Limpopo, South Africa
• ³University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, South Africa
• ⁴University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
• ⁵Human Resource Development Council of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

Abstract Introduction: Female traditional initiation rites are deeply entrenched in the cultural fabric of many societies, representing profound rites of passage marking the transition from girlhood to womanhood. These ceremonies have important psychological, cultural, and social significance for the initiates and their communities. Referred to as "koma ya basadi'' among Ba-Kopa, these rites encompass a series of rituals, teachings, and ceremonies designed to prepare young girls for the roles and responsibilities they will assume as adult women within their communities. Despite the documented significance of these rites, they remain misunderstood, and their psychological significance remains under-researched. This study aimed to explore the psychological importance of traditional female initiations among the BaKopa women of the Sekhukhune district of Limpopo Province. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to select 16 women from the Ba-Kopa community who had undergone koma ya basadi for in-depth individual interviews. These interviews were complemented by two group discussions: one focus group with six participants and one dyadic discussion with two participants. The group discussions were conducted in two separate villages approximately 20 kilometres apart, to capture localized perspectives within the community. All data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti software, which facilitated systematic coding and thematic analysis. Results: The findings revealed that the initiation rites play a crucial role in maturing initiates, contributing to their identity formation and instilling qualities such as perseverance and tolerance. Discussion: The study underlines the importance of preserving and respecting cultural practices like traditional female initiation. It highlights the need for further research to understand their implications for individual and community well-being. These findings have significant implications for policymakers, healthcare providers, and community leaders in promoting cultural sensitivity and supporting the holistic development of young women.