ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

Sec. Agricultural and Food Economics

Volume 9 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1591114

This article is part of the Research TopicBiopesticides: their contributions towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-2)View all articles

Insecticidal efficacy of non-Bt bacterial strains against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)

Provisionally accepted
  • Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.), a major global pest of cruciferous vegetables, has resisted conventional insecticides, necessitating novel pest control strategies. In this study, we evaluated four non-Bt bacterial strains-Mesobacillus thioparans CC8, Bacillus mobilis CC13, Bacillus subtilis CC18, Chromobacterium rhizoryzae 4C2, and the effectiveness of bacterial consortia against P. xylostella L. larvae. The extracellular hemolysins and insecticidal activity utilizing the leaf-dip method were investigated. The effect of cell concentration, larval size, and exposure methods on insecticidal efficacy were examined. The fecal pellet examination was used to evaluate the presence of microbial communities, while scanning electron microscopy assessed gut damage. The findings demonstrated 100% larval mortality within 48 hours of exposure, with the artificial selection, comprising four non-Bt bacterial strains, exhibiting enhanced efficacy compared to individual applications. Utilizing secondinstar larvae with precisely dose-dependent cell densities increased mortality. Both leaf-dip and direct-spray application methods showed comparable efficacy, offering flexibility for practical applications. The target insecticidal bacteria were detected in the larval fecal microbiota, while the larva's external features showed damage after exposure. This study highlights the potential of non-Bt insecticidal bacteria as an alternative strategy for managing P. xylostella L., contributing to the development of sustainable pest management solutions.

Keywords: Bacterial consortium, Biopesticides, Dam sediment, insecticidal bacteria, Wastewater treatment sludge contamination, soil microbial community disruption, and biodiversity loss (European Bacterial consortium, Wastewater treatment sludge

Received: 10 Mar 2025; Accepted: 30 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Chem, Eslamloo and Ito. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Tsukasa Ito, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan

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