As anticancer therapeutic strategies continue to evolve, cancer patients experience significantly extended survival. However, cardiovascular toxicity associated with novel anticancer treatments has emerged as a critical concern affecting patients' quality of life and long-term outcomes. Both immediate and delayed cardiovascular complications pose substantial challenges, with risks persisting for decades in cancer survivors. Modern anticancer therapies—including targeted therapies, adoptive cell therapy (ACT), radiotherapy sensitizers, and sequential combination of various treatment modalities—damage the cardiovascular system through complex mechanisms affecting cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelium, and immune microenvironments. These pathological processes manifest as hypertension, vascular toxicity, cardiac dysfunction, myocarditis, and arrhythmias. The field of cardio-oncology requires specialized approaches for vulnerable populations, including pediatric cancer survivors, women of reproductive age, and elderly patients. Integration of cardiac biomarkers, multi-omics data, and imaging techniques has become crucial for risk stratification, early detection, and longitudinal monitoring. This research topic focuses on the cardiovascular toxicity of novel anti-tumor therapies, developing interventions targeting current anti-cancer treatment-related cardiovascular injuries, optimizing risk assessment models for late-stage cardiovascular complications, and exploring precise strategies to balance tumor treatment efficacy and cardiovascular safety. This special issue aims to deeply investigate the direct/indirect damage mechanisms of novel anti-tumor therapies on myocardial cells, vascular endothelium, and immune microenvironment, and to explore the biological mechanisms of late cardiovascular complications associated with anti-tumor treatments. It also focuses on cardiovascular complications in high-risk populations receiving anti-tumor therapy, integrating biomarkers, imaging, and genomic data to establish disease prediction and diagnostic models and optimize their clinical applications. We welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes: • Research on the Mechanisms of Tumor Therapy-Specific Cardiovascular Injury • Dynamic Monitoring of Cardiac Biomarkers in Optimizing Clinical Application for Cancer Cardiology Risk Stratification • Construction of a risk assessment model for delayed cardiovascular complications in high-risk populations • Analysis of Population Characteristics of Cardiovascular Complications Associated with Antitumor Therapy • Cardiovascular toxicities related to cancer treatment: A systematic review. • Radiation-Induced Heart Damage (RIHD): Risks and Benefits of Precision Targeted Radiotherapy Strategies
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