Please find the retraction statement below:
Following publication, the authors contacted the Editorial Office to request the retraction of the cited article, stating that the data in the publication is not reliable. Specifically, the authors identified errors in Figures 1, 4, 6, and 9's legends and labels. Additional errors were identified in the data descriptions and statistical analyses. These inaccuracies were discovered by the authors analysing the original data during further studies on the same subject. An investigation was conducted in accordance with Frontiers' policies that confirmed this; therefore, the article has been retracted.
This retraction was approved by the Chief Editors of Frontiers in Education and the Chief Executive Editor of Frontiers. The authors agree to this retraction.
Summary
Citation
Frontiers Editorial Office (2025) Retraction: Enhancing college English teaching models through the application of cognitive psychology: a focus on listening processes. Front. Educ. 10:1754158. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2025.1754158
Received
25 November 2025
Accepted
25 November 2025
Published
03 December 2025
Approved by
Maria Beatrice Ligorio, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
Volume
10 - 2025
Updates
Copyright
© 2025 Frontiers Editorial Office.
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*Correspondence: Frontiers Editorial Office, research.integrity@frontiersin.org
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