%A Sarkar,Anirban
%A Pazhani,Gururaja
%A Chowdhury,Goutam
%A Ghosh,Amit
%A Ramamurthy,Thandavarayan
%D 2015
%J Frontiers in Microbiology
%C
%F
%G English
%K NDM,carbapenemase,S. Senftenberg,enteric pathogens,pNDM-SAL
%Q
%R 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00969
%W
%L
%M
%P
%7
%8 2015-September-15
%9 Original Research
%+ Dr Amit Ghosh,National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases,Division of Bacteriology,P-33, CIT Road, Scheme-XM,Beliaghata,Kolkata,700010,West Bengal,India,amitghosh24@yahoo.com
%+ Dr Thandavarayan Ramamurthy,Translational Health Science and Technology Institute,Center for Human Microbial Ecology (CHME),NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad–Gurgaon Expressway,Faridabad,121001,Haryana,India,rama1murthy@yahoo.com
%#
%! Attributes of pNDM-SAL from S. Senftenberg
%*
%<
%T Attributes of carbapenemase encoding conjugative plasmid pNDM-SAL from an extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Senftenberg
%U https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00969
%V 6
%0 JOURNAL ARTICLE
%@ 1664-302X
%X A carbapenem resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg isolate BCH 2406 was isolated from a diarrheal child attending an outpatient unit of B.C. Roy Hospital in Kolkata, India. This isolate was positive for the blaNDM-1 in the PCR assay, which was confirmed by amplicon sequencing. Except for tetracycline, this isolate was resistant to all the tested antimicrobials. The blaNDM-1 was found to be located on a 146.13-kb mega plasmid pNDM-SAL, which could be conjugally transferred into Escherichia coli and other enteric pathogens such as Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa and Shigella flexneri 2a. However, the expression of β-lactam resistance is not the same in different bacteria. The whole genome sequence of pNDM-SAL was determined and compared with other pNDM plasmids available in public domain. This plasmid is an IncA/C incompatibility type composed of 155 predicted coding sequences and shares homology with plasmids of E. coli pNDM-1_Dok01, Klebsiella pNDM-KN, and Citrobacter pNDM-CIT. In pNDM-SAL, gene cluster containing blaNDM-1 was located between IS26 and IS4321 elements. Between the IS26 element and the blaNDM-1, a truncated ISAba125 insertion sequence was identified. Downstream of the blaNDM-1, other genes, such as bleMBL, trpF, tat, and an ISCR1 element with class 1 integron containing aac(6′)-Ib were detected. Another β-lactacamase gene, blaCMY -4 was found to be inserted in IS1 element within the type IV conjugative transfer loci of the plasmid. This gene cluster had blc and sugE downstream of the blaCMY -4. From our findings, it appears that the strain S. Senftenberg could have acquired the NDM plasmid from the other members of Enterobacteriaceae. Transfer of NDM plasmids poses a danger in the management of infectious diseases.