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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Pediatric Endocrinology
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1282408

Clinical features of neonatal hyperthyroidism: a retrospective analysis in southwestern China Provisionally Accepted

 Yu Zhang1* Yan Song1 Hong Wei1 Luying Cao1 Pinglan Deng1 Weixia Du1 Shan Liu1
  • 1Children‘s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China

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Purpose To explore the clinical characteristics and to evaluate different types of
thyroid dysfunction in babies with neonatal hyperthyroidism(NH).
Methods The clinical data of 19 neonates with hyperthyroidism admitted to Children ’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2012 to April
2021were retrospectively analyzed.
Results Fifteen (78.9%) infants were born to mothers with Graves ’ disease
(GD).Eleven(57.9%) of the infants were premature; two babies were born as SGA. The age at diagnosis ranged from 3 to 34 d, with a mean of (18.53±6.85) d. Majority of the babies presented goiter(84.2%)and tachycardia(94.7%)after birth. Nine(47.4%) of them presented with abnormal weight gain, seven(36.8 % )with stare or ocular protrusion, six(31.6%)with hyperexcitability, four(21. 1%) with jaundice and liver dysfunction, two(10.5%) with sweating, one(5.3%) with fever, and one case without any symptoms.Transient hyperthyroidism was the main thyroid dysfunction in our study. Overt hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in 13 (68.4%) neonates. Another 3 (15.8%)

babies presented hyperthyroidism with slightly elevated fT3 levels ,normal T4 levels and low TSH levels. Normal thyroid hormone levels with low TSH levels were observed in 3(15.8%) neonates.
Ten children were treated with anti-thyroid drugs. Eighteen children recovered normal thyroid function at 1 to 3 months of age, one baby in the study group required further levothyroxine (L-T4) supplementation due to primary hypothyroidism. One child was found to have developmental delay at 2 years of age during follow-up.
Conclusions Our study highlights the need for prolonged monitoring of thyroid function in suspected patients, a single normal screening or no maternal history of hyperthyroidism can not exclude this disease.

Keywords: Neonatal hyperthyroidism, Neonatal diseases, Thyroid function, Clinical analysis, Clinical Characteristics

Received: 24 Aug 2023; Accepted: 21 May 2024.

Copyright: © 2024 Zhang, Song, Wei, Cao, Deng, Du and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Mx. Yu Zhang, Children‘s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China