ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Earth Sci.
Sec. Solid Earth Geophysics
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/feart.2025.1705491
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvanced Materials and Technologies for Sustainable Development of Underground Resources - Volume IIView all 5 articles
Transverse vibration frequency and its key influential factors of fully grouted rock bolts in layered rock mass
Provisionally accepted
- 1China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- 2Shanghai Construction Group, Shanghai, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
It is a challenge for health detection on the anchoring states of fully grouted rock bolts (FGRBs) which are widely used in geotechnical engineering. This study established a governing equation for the transverse vibration and derived an analytical expression for the FGRB's transverse vibration frequency (f) based on beam transverse vibration theory. Case studies were performed to investigate the influence of axial bolt load (T) and dynamic stiffness coefficient (K) on the FGRB's natural frequency (f). The intrinsic components of K were thoroughly analyzed for rock and resin anchorage materials. Numerical simulations were conducted to validate the theoretical derivation results and study the FGRB's transverse vibration characteristics at different axial positions in single-layer and multi-layer rock mass. The theoretical results show that the f exhibited a logarithmic relationship with the K, while the influence of T was negligible compared to the effect of K on the FGRB's f, which is significantly different from the T of important influence on the free segment's transverse vibration response of partially grouted rock bolts. The K of resin anchoring agent-rock mass composite specimens was primarily governed by the mechanical properties of the rock mass. Numerical simulations also revealed a logarithmic relationship between the f and the elastic modulus (E) of the rock mass, aligning well with and indirectly prove the correctness of the theoretical results. The FGRB's f in layered rock mass exhibited a stepwise variation along its longitudinal axis, accompanied by noticeable interface effects, which can provide estimation reference for the thickness and lithology of layered rock masses.
Keywords: Fully grouted rock bolts, Transverse vibration frequency, Key factors, Axial bolt load, Dynamicstiffness coefficient
Received: 15 Sep 2025; Accepted: 14 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Zhao and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Houquan Zhang, 52zhq@163.com
Huayun Zhao, 4525@cumt.edu.cn
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.