ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Energy Res.
Sec. Smart Grids
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2025.1623678
This article is part of the Research TopicKey Technologies for Advanced Grid-Forming Inverters and Stable Operation of New Distribution SystemsView all articles
Analysis of Low-Frequency Oscillation Characteristics and Damping Enhancement Strategy for Grid-Forming PV with DC-voltage Controller
Provisionally accepted
- 1State Grid Xizang Electric Power Research Institute, Xizang, China
- 2State Grid Lasa Power Supply Company, Xizang, China
- 3State Grid Xizang Electric Power Company Limited, Xizang, China
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Grid-forming (GFM) converters with DC-voltage controller can emulate inertia and support frequency stability while maintaining a stable DC voltage, making this method well-suited for PV systems. However, the introduction of the DC voltage control loop exacerbates the issue of lowfrequency oscillations in GFM converters. Although existing studies have identified negative resistance behavior through impedance analysis, t the overall impedance characteristics of the unit make it difficult to pinpoint the key sources of internal negative damping, posing challenges for the design of oscillation suppression strategies. Building on this, by applying the damping torque method, this paper analyzes the components of damping torque and synchronizing torque in DC-voltage controller based GFM (DC-GFM) converter and the stability conditions of multi-converter systems. This provides a clear explanation of the underlying mechanism behind negative damping and the influence of control parameters. Based on this insight, a damping enhancement strategy for multi-DC-GFM system is proposed. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of both the parameter analysis and the proposed strategy.
Keywords: Grid-forming converter, DC-voltage controller, Low-frequency oscillation, Damping torque method, Lead-lag compensator
Received: 06 May 2025; Accepted: 15 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Kong, Zhou, Li, Wu, Xia and Lei. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Weikang Kong, State Grid Xizang Electric Power Research Institute, Xizang, China
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