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EDITORIAL article

Front. Environ. Sci., 18 July 2025

Sec. Freshwater Science

Volume 13 - 2025 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1657658

This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Fluvial, Coastal, Wastewater and Hydro-Environment Systems, Volume IIView all 5 articles

Editorial: Advances in fluvial, coastal, wastewater, and hydro-environment systems, volume II

  • 1Faculty of Engineering and Digital Technologies, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
  • 2Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
  • 3Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

1 Introduction

Urban expansion, altered precipitation regimes, and the legacy of rigid infrastructure have intensified flash flooding, pollutant loading, and ecological fragmentation in riverine and coastal zones. Simultaneously, advances in analytical chemistry, satellite observation, numerical hydraulics, and spatial optimization now permit multi-scale investigation of coupled hydro-environmental processes. The Research Topic of “Advances in Fluvial, Coastal, Wastewater and Hydro-Environment Systems” brings together four recent studies spanning molecular water chemistry, catchment hydrology, wetland ecology, and economic optimization of rehabilitation to elucidate the interaction mechanisms of hydrology, land use, and engineered or nature-based structures. These efforts can help determine water quality, flow performance, and ecosystem integrity.

2 Methods overview

2.1 DOM characterization via spectroscopy and mass spectrometry

In Singapore’s Kallang River and the Murderkill River in the USA, DOM was characterized using a suite of optical and chemical tools. UV–visible absorbance (e.g., A254 and A365), excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence, and PARAFAC were employed to resolve protein-like and humic components. Fluorescence index (FI), humification index (HI), and biogenic index (BIX) were calculated to infer the DOM source and reactivity. For the Murderkill study, 21 T FT-ICR mass spectrometry offered ultra-high-resolution insights into molecular formula distributions (e.g., CHON, CHOS, and CHONS classes) (Ouyang et al.).

2.2 GIS-based runoff forecasting

On Tsushima Island, Japan, researchers used 10 years of Landsat 8 imagery, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) layers to classify land cover and estimate runoff coefficients. Runoff trends were extrapolated from 2014 to 2034, using hydrological modeling integrated into ArcGIS. Flood risk was zoned by overlaying the runoff potential with slope and proximity to urban centers (Tallar et al.).

2.3 Wetland loss assessment in rural Ghana

Using three epochs of Landsat imagery (2000, 2015, and 2020), NDVI differencing, and the InVEST Habitat-Quality model, wetland loss and habitat degradation in the Greater Amanzule Wetland (Ellembelle District) were quantified under accelerating community and industrial expansion (Dawuda et al.).

2.4 Marxan cost–benefit optimization

The cost for fencing, planting, and maintaining a 40-m riparian buffer across 75,500 km of NSW streams was estimated. Marxan (100 runs; boundary-length modifier = 0.6) compared ad hoc, working-with-recovery (WWR) and corridor scenarios for current and 15-year recovery-potential rasters (Agnew et al.).

3 Cross-study synthesis

A common thread is the dominance of event-scale hydrological pulse-storms in DOM dynamics, vegetation loss in runoff escalation, and vortex shedding at bridge piers-in driving system instability. Vegetation is a dual regulator: it shapes DOM composition and runoff attenuation and can enhance pollutant deposition when incorporated into riparian rehabilitation. Economic optimization (Marxan) demonstrates that geomorphic and ecological information can be monetized, achieving large-scale rehabilitation at a fraction of the ad hoc costs.

4 Conclusion

Event-driven hydrology, land-cover conversion, and engineered nature-based structures jointly determine river system resilience. Molecular analytics refine pollutant fingerprints; satellite hydrology quantifies runoff trajectories; and optimization frameworks translate geomorphic insights into cost-efficient action. The Research Topic has shed light on future research trends, which should couple machine learning approaches with real-time sensor networks, embed habitat quality metrics in participatory planning, and improve the practicality of environmental–hydraulics knowledge in scalable nature-based solutions.

Author contributions

JP: Project administration, Methodology, Writing – review and editing, Conceptualization, and resources. NI: Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing, and Conceptualization. PH: Writing – review and editing and Conceptualization. MM: Writing – review and editing and Conceptualization. RH: Writing – review and editing and Conceptualization. RS: Conceptualization and Writing – review and editing. EA-Q: Conceptualization and Writing – review and editing.

Funding

The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Generative AI statement

The author(s) declare that no Generative AI was used in the creation of this manuscript.

Publisher’s note

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Keywords: dissolved organic matter, remote sensing, wetland loss, vortex dynamics, cost–benefit

Citation: Pu JH, Ikani N, Hanmaiahgari PR, Mohammad Razi MA, Hamdan RB, Saphira Binti Radin Mohamed RM and Al-Qadami EHH (2025) Editorial: Advances in fluvial, coastal, wastewater, and hydro-environment systems, volume II. Front. Environ. Sci. 13:1657658. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1657658

Received: 01 July 2025; Accepted: 07 July 2025;
Published: 18 July 2025.

Edited and reviewed by:

Angela Helen Arthington, Griffith University, Australia

Copyright © 2025 Pu, Ikani, Hanmaiahgari, Mohammad Razi, Hamdan, Saphira Binti Radin Mohamed and Al-Qadami. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

*Correspondence: Jaan H. Pu, ai5oLnB1MUBicmFkZm9yZC5hYy51aw==

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.