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CORRECTION article

Front. Environ. Sci., 17 September 2025

Sec. Soil Processes

Volume 13 - 2025 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1691013

Correction: Back to the future: restoring northern drained forested peatlands for climate change mitigation

This article is a correction to:

  1. Back to the Future: Restoring Northern Drained Forested Peatlands for Climate Change Mitigation

    1. Read original article
Daniel Escobar, Daniel Escobar1,2*Salim Belyazid&#x;Salim Belyazid1†Stefano Manzoni,&#x;Stefano Manzoni1,3†
  • 1Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 2Climate Action Lever, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Palmira, Colombia
  • 3Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

A Correction on
Back to the future: restoring northern drained forested peatlands for climate change mitigation

by Carbonari DE, Belyazid S and Manzoni S (2022). Front. Environ. Sci. 10:834371. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371

In the published article, there was an error in Figures 1, 6 as published. In Figure 1, the arrow going from “Mineral Nutrient Content” to “Plant Nutrient Uptake” was red with a minus sign; it should be blue with a plus. Similarly, the arrow going from “Plant Nutrient Uptake” to “Mineral Nutrient Uptake” was blue with a plus sign; it should be red with a minus sign. In Figure 6, the arrow going from “Soil Water” to “Soil Oxygen” was blue with a plus sign; it should be red with a minus sign.

Figure 1
Diagram illustrating the interactions between soil and plant processes. Arrows represent relationships, with plus and minus signs indicating positive and negative effects. Key elements include lateral water outflow, soil water and oxygen content, mineral nutrient content, soil organic matter, plant nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, plant growth, litterfall, root respiration, and plant biomass. Blue arrows indicate positive interactions, while red arrows indicate negative interactions.

Figure 1. Causal loop diagram of the main effects of water table management on plant biomass and litterfall. An arrow with a plus sign (blue) indicates a change in the variable affected that is in the same direction as the change in the driving variable, an arrow with a minus sign (red) indicates a change in variable affected that is in the opposite direction as the change in the driving variable.

Figure 2
Diagram showing interactions among soil-related variables. Soil oxygen content negatively affects vascular plant cover but positively affects soil pH. Vascular plant cover negatively impacts non-vascular plant cover and soil water content. Non-vascular plants positively influence soil water content and mineral nutrient content, which positively affects soil organic matter quality. Arrows and signs indicate positive (blue) and negative (red) relationships.

Figure 2. Causal loop diagram of the main effects of water table management on litterfall quality. An arrow with a plus sign (blue) indicates a change in the variable affected that is in the same direction as the change in the driving variable, an arrow with a minus sign (red) indicates a change in variable affected that is in the opposite direction as the change in the driving variable.

Figure 4
Diagram illustrating the interconnections of soil metabolic processes. Key elements include soil water and oxygen content, microbial aerobic heterotrophic metabolism, dissolved organic carbon, fermentative metabolism, acetagenic and methanogenic pathways, CO2 and CH4 in soil. Arrows indicate influence, with blue for positive and red for negative effects.

Figure 4. Causal loop diagram of the main effects of water table management on carbon mineralization pathways. An arrow with a plus sign (blue) indicates a change in the variable affected that is in the same direction as the change in the driving variable, an arrow with a minus sign (red) indicates a change in variable affected that is in the opposite direction as the change in the driving variable.

Figure 5
Diagram illustrating nitrogen cycling in soil. NH4, NO3, and N2O interact through nitrification, denitrification, and immobilization. Arrows show positive and negative influences, with factors like soil oxygen and water affecting the processes.

Figure 5. Causal loop diagram of the main effects of water table management on nitrogen mineralization pathways. An arrow with a plus sign (blue) indicates a change in the variable affected that is in the same direction as the change in the driving variable, an arrow with a minus sign (red) indicates a change in variable affected that is in the opposite direction as the change in the driving variable.

Figure 6
Diagram showing the relationships between soil components and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Arrows indicate interactions among factors like soil oxygen, water, pore connectivity, tortuosity, porosity, air pressure, and plant-mediated transport. Positive and negative signs denote the direction and type of influence. Mass flow and diffusion affect GHG levels and emissions.

Figure 6. Causal loop diagram of the main effects of water table management on greenhouse gas transport in soils. An arrow with a plus sign (blue) indicates a change in the variable affected that is in the same direction as the change in the driving variable, an arrow with a minus sign (red) indicates a change in variable affected that is in the opposite direction as the change in the driving variable.

The corrected Figure 1, 6 and their captions appear below.

The original article also contained some grammatical errors in figures 2, 4 and 5. The corrected figures and their captions appear below.

The original article has been updated

Publisher’s note

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Keywords: peatland, restoration, rewetting, GHG balance, forest, land-use, management

Citation: Escobar D, Belyazid S and Manzoni S (2025) Correction: Back to the future: restoring northern drained forested peatlands for climate change mitigation. Front. Environ. Sci. 13:1691013. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1691013

Received: 22 August 2025; Accepted: 26 August 2025;
Published: 17 September 2025.

Edited and reviewed by:

Rosa Francaviglia, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis (CREA), Italy

Copyright © 2025 Escobar, Belyazid and Manzoni. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

*Correspondence: Daniel Escobar, ZHNjb3ZhcjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbQ==

†These authors have contributed equally to this work and share senior authorship

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.