BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article
Front. Pain Res.
Sec. Neuromodulatory Interventions
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpain.2025.1558175
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at Low Frequency for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia. Results from the First Treatment Cohort at The Brainwave Clinic
Provisionally accepted
- 1The Brainwave Clinic, London, United Kingdom
- 2Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
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Objective: To assess the clinical effectiveness of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating fibromyalgia (FM) in a real-world setting.Methods: Eighteen adults diagnosed with FM received 20 sessions of l ow-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Pain and symptom burden were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Outcomes were compared using paired t-tests.Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in NRS, FIQ, BDI, and BAI. A non-significant trend towards reduced disability (SDS) was observed. No serious adverse effects were reported.Low-frequency rTMS over the DLPFC shows promise as a safe and effective treatment for FM, improving pain, mood, and impact of FM symptoms, with a trend towards improving disability. Further research with larger cohorts is needed.
Keywords: rTMS, Fibromyalgia, Hypermobility, Neuromodulation, Rheumatology
Received: 09 Jan 2025; Accepted: 09 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Nation, Irani and Barrett. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Elliot Nation, The Brainwave Clinic, London, United Kingdom
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