ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health Policy
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1410114
This article is part of the Research TopicWorld No Tobacco Day 2023View all 9 articles
Vendor Density Mapping and Compliance Assessment with Tobacco Control Laws around Schools in Bhubaneswar City – A Geo-Spatial Mapping and Observational Study
Provisionally accepted
- 1Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
- 2Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, National Capital Territory of Delhi, India
- 3KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- 4Swiss School of Business and Management, Geneva, Switzerland
- 5Vital Strategies, Inc, New Delhi, India
- 6Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- 7Salaam Jeevan, Bhubaneswar, India
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Background: Tobacco use among youth remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in India, where vendor accessibility plays a crucial role in initiation and consumption. This study examines tobacco vendor density around schools in Bhubaneswar City, Odisha, utilizing advanced geo-spatial mapping techniques to provide evidence for regulatory enforcement.Methods: A geo-spatial mapping approach was employed using ArcMap 10.8 and Google Maps to identify tobacco vendors within a 100-yard radius of 15 selected high schools. Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire with 53 closed-ended questions via the Epicollect5 platform. The study adopted a probability proportional-to-size sampling method to ensure representative vendor distribution.Results: The study identified 107 tobacco vendors surrounding the selected schools, with an average vendor density of approximately seven per school vicinity. Pan vendors and grocery/convenience stores were the most prevalent vendor types. Despite existing regulations, widespread tobacco advertising, brand displays, and promotional activities were observed. Additionally, violations related to smoking near schools and sales to minors indicated gaps in regulatory compliance.Conclusion: The high density of tobacco vendors near schools underscores the need for strengthened enforcement mechanisms and policy interventions. Enhancing regulatory compliance through stricter zoning laws, targeted monitoring, and community-driven initiatives is essential to reducing youth exposure to tobacco products and mitigating associated health risks.
Keywords: Tobacco Control, Geo-spatial mapping, Vendor Density, COTPA act, Compliance
Received: 31 Mar 2024; Accepted: 30 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Satpathy, Jena, Yadav, Epari, Mohanty and Ali. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Venkatarao Epari, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
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