ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health and Nutrition
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1553077
Vitamin D Nutritional Status and the Influencing Factors among Children and Adolescents
Provisionally accepted
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Hangzhou, China
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Objective：To assess the nutritional status of vitamin D and to analyze the influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents.Methods: Data from 1827 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years from the nutrition and health surveillance of Zhejiang province, China, were analyzed. The serum concentration of 25-(OH)D were measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were calculated. Ordinal regression were used to identify the influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Results: The mean 25-(OH)D concentration was 20.84±6.34μg/L. Among the participants, 37.4% had vitamin D insufficiency (25-(OH)D < 20 μg/L) and 7.8% had vitamin D deficiency (25-(OH)D < 12 μg/L). Age group (Wald c2=5.921, p=0.015), sex(Wald c2 =6.206, p=0.013), overweight/obesity(Wald c2=3.894, p=0.048), outdoor activity time(Wald c2=4.113, p=0.043) were the influencing factors of children and adolescents with insufficiency/deficiency vitamin D status. Conclusions: Our study assessed the nutritional status of vitamin D and analyzed the influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents in the eastern coastal areas of China. The results indicated a significant prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Key influencing factors included age group, sex, overweight/obesity, and outdoor activity time. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Specifically, promoting adequate outdoor activity and addressing overweight/obesity could be effective strategies to enhance vitamin D status in this population.
Keywords: 25-(OH)D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Outdoor Activity, Children, China
Received: 30 Dec 2024; Accepted: 26 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zou, Huang, Zhao, He, Han, Su, Xu and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Hangzhou, China
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