ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Environmental Health and Exposome
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1588781
A Comparative Study on Tobacco Prevalence and Secondhand Smoke Exposure before and after the Lockdown in Rizhao, China
Provisionally accepted
- Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Objective: This study aims to compare the trends of tobacco prevalence and secondhand smoke exposure in Rizhao, China, before and after the lockdown, and to analyze the changes in residents' awareness of smoking-related diseases. Method: Two cross-sectional surveys on tobacco prevalence and secondhand smoke exposure were conducted in Rizhao, China, in 2022 and 2024. The chi-square test was used to determine whether there were significant differences. Result: A total of 1872 valid questionnaires were collected from the two surveys. The results showed that the current smoking rate declined significantly from 32.53% to 25.84% ( 2 =10.08, P=0.002), with daily smoking rate also slightly decreased from 20.44% to 19.33% ( 2 =0.36, P=0.551).Paradoxically, the passive smoking rate among nonsmokers surged from 32.08% to 48.39% ( 2 =35.53, P<0.01), while residents' awareness of smoking-related diseases declined. Conclusion: Our study reveals a paradoxical situation in Rizhao: declining active smoking contrasts sharply with escalating secondhand smoke exposure, along with decreasing public awareness of smoking-related diseases. These trends suggest that conventional tobacco control measures have been effective in curbing active smoking, while they are insufficient to address the new behavioral patterns emerging from the prolonged indoor confinement and changing work-life arrangements during the pandemic. Effective tobacco control campaigns and targeted interventions for key populations are urgently needed.
Keywords: Tobacco epidemic, Smoking, passive smoking, Second-hand smoke, Awareness, COVID-19
Received: 06 Mar 2025; Accepted: 18 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liang, Han and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Miao-Miao Liu, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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