ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health and Nutrition
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1589196
This article is part of the Research TopicHolistic Approaches to Understanding Obesity and Metabolic Diseases in Urban EnvironmentsView all 12 articles
Rural, urban and suburban differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in individuals aged ≥ 50 years in northwest China
Provisionally accepted
Yang Jiao1Chunhong Zhang1Jie Ming2Shaoyong Xu2Yangwei Wang3Xiaoli Yao4Aihua Jia2Hui Li3Jing Sui4Jianjun Qin5Wenjie Li5Haixiong Zhang6Xin Zhao7
Xuan Xie1*
Qiuhe Ji2*- 1The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- 2Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, China
- 3Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- 4The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- 5Staff Hospital of Shaanxi Blower (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an, China
- 6No. 521 Hospital of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, China
- 7Xi’an Aerospace General Hospital, Xi’an, China
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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of MetS in northwest China.Methods: 3,001 adults were included (1,915 females, 1,086 males). The prevalence of MetS analysis was stratified according to gender, age and the region of residence.Results: MetS prevalence in females and males was 49.7 ± 9.8% and 32.0 ± 9.0%, respectively (P < 0.001). MetS prevalence in females increased with age and was greater in rural (n = 217) females (53.6%) compared to urban (n = 754) (45.5%) or suburban (n = 818) females (52.0%) (P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed that rural region, age, half-meat and half-vegetable dietary style, never dieted, weight increase in the previous year and a family history of high blood pressure were independent risk factors for the development of MetS, particularly in women aged ≥ 50 years.Conclusions: MetS prevalence in women was greater than for men, increased with age and occurred more frequently in rural compared to urban and suburban females.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, rural, Suburban, Urban
Received: 14 Mar 2025; Accepted: 24 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Jiao, Zhang, Ming, Xu, Wang, Yao, Jia, Li, Sui, Qin, Li, Zhang, Zhao, Xie and Ji. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xuan Xie, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Qiuhe Ji, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, China
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