ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Public Health Education and Promotion
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1651254
This article is part of the Research TopicNudge Theory: Advancing Health Promotion and Disease PreventionView all 3 articles
Endometriosis-Related Infertility in China: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Provisionally accepted
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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ABSTRACT Objective: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset, this study analyzed temporal trends (1990–2021) and age-period-cohort patterns of endometriosis-related infertility burden in China versus globally. By employing joinpoint regression and APC modeling, we aimed to identify key epidemiological shifts and disparities, thereby providing evidence-based insights for optimizing health service planning and resource allocation strategies targeting endometriosis-related infertility. Methods: Using age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) of endometriosis-related infertility (1990-2021) from the GBD 2021 database, we analyzed Chinese females aged 15–49 years. Joinpoint regression identified significant trend changes in ASPR, while age-period-cohort (APC) modeling decomposed effects into age, period, and birth cohort dimensions using 5-year intervals. Results: In 2021, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of patients with endometriosis-related primary infertility in China was 280.63 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 115.61 to 616.39). The percentage change in ASPR for endometriosis-associated primary infertility in China between 1990 and 2021 was -23.35% (95% UI: -10.52% to -32.68%) above the global level -29.61% (95% UI: -37.19% to -24.79%). In 2021, the ASPR of patients with endometriosis-associated secondary infertility in China was 1849.35 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 1104.61 to 2931.00). The percentage change of endometriosis-associated secondary between 1990 and 2021 ASPR in China was -38.16% (95% UI: -43.81% to -31.53%), below the global level -24.70% (95% UI: -27.99% to -21.11%). Conclusion: The ASPR of endometriosis-related female infertility in China and globally declined between 1990 and 2021. This indicates that China has attained significant progress in addressing and managing endometriosis-related female infertility. However, the overall burden of endometriosis-related female infertility remains substantial and requires continued attention.
Keywords: Global burden of disease, Endometriosis, Female infertility, Prevalence, Age-period-cohort, China
Received: 21 Jun 2025; Accepted: 22 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Lao, Shen, Panwei, Song and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yanhua Song, songyanhua@163.com
Hong Yang, 13585517187@aliyun.com
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