ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Children and Health
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1653924
This article is part of the Research TopicAdolescent Oral, Mental and Sexual WellnessView all 9 articles
Navigating the Conversation: Insights into Parents' Information Needs and their Rrecommendations for Effective Sexuality Education to Children
Provisionally accepted- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Abstract Background: As children undergo significant developmental transitions, comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) becomes essential. Despite global evidence supporting early CSE, many parents feel underprepared to address topics such as puberty, consent, gender identity, and digital safety with their children. This study explores parents' information needs, barriers, and recommendations for effective sexuality education tools. Methods: A community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach guided six focus group discussions (FGDs) with 30 diverse Canadian parents of children aged 0–18 years, conducted between January 2023 and March 2023. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using Braun and Clarke's inductive approach. Themes were validated through member checking and dual independent coding using NVivo. Results: Three major themes emerged from the data. First, parents expressed strong need for sexual health education support, including a desire for age-appropriate, inclusive, and culturally relevant resources, along with improved access to trustworthy information. Many felt underprepared to initiate conversations and called for clear guidance tailored to children's developmental stages. Second, parents prioritized a range of core content areas, such as puberty, hygiene, consent, healthy relationships, gender identity, and digital safety and highlighted the emotional and practical challenges of addressing these topics confidently. Third, parents recommended diverse, user-friendly formats for delivering sexual health education, including short digital videos, searchable websites, visual tools like charts and infographics, storybooks, multilingual materials, and structured workshops for both parents and children. Across all groups, there was a shared call for practical tools that are timely, culturally attuned, and capable of supporting value-aligned, ongoing conversations in the home. Conclusion: Canadian parents face different barriers to delivering effective sexuality education, shaped by cultural norms, informational gaps, and discomfort with sensitive topics. To empower parents as primary educators, there is a critical need for co-designed, accessible, and culturally inclusive resources that reflect diverse parenting contexts. Future efforts should explore how policy-level interventions particularly within education systems can support these collaborative efforts among families, schools, and healthcare providers to promote informed, age-appropriate, and inclusive sexual development. Strengthening collaboration between families, schools, and healthcare providers will be key to fostering informed, age-appropriate, and inclusive sexual development for children and youth.
Keywords: Sexuality, Sex, Education, CSE, parent, caregiver, resources
Received: 25 Jun 2025; Accepted: 08 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Punjani, Scott and Hussain. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Neelam Punjani, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.