ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Public Health
Sec. Environmental Health and Exposome
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Impact of Geo-Spatiality and Pollution on the Chronic Health ConditionsView all 3 articles
Estimation of disease burden & multi-dimensional risk factors of Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) among the residents near sandstone quarries in Jodhpur
Provisionally accepted
- ICMR- National Institute for Implementation Research on Non-Communicable Diseases, Jodhpur, India
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Background: Globally, residents living around the sandstone quarries sandstone mining are at risk of CRDs. This is initial research study to analyse the prevalence of CRDs, and the association of household environmental exposures, individual behaviours, socioeconomic status, and air pollution emissions from opencast sandstone quarry within 500 meters of the Soor Sagar region in Rajasthan, related to CRDs. Methods: This study represents data collected from the Soor Sagar Jodhpur area as part of a multicentric cross-sectional observational study across nine sites in India. Mapping was done using ArcGIS Pro 2.9, and participants were selected using a grid-based method. The sandstone quarry area location was mainly considered for Rajasthan, with a target of 1,000 study participant. Data were collected from pre-tested, structured questionnaire through the Kobo Toolbox and analysed using IBM SPSS v28.0. Multivariate logistic regression and chi-square tests were applied to determine the crude and odds ratio (OR). Results: Out of 894 participants, CRDs prevalence was 12.5% (n = 112) (occupational lung disease 8.7%, asthma 1.8%, COPD 0.6%, and tuberculosis 5.1%). Sandstone Mine workers (OR 6.65, 95% CI: 3.06-14.45, p < 0.001), unemployed/former miners (OR 5.59, 95% CI: 2.32-13.47, p < 0.001) had increased CRDs risks. The odds of CRDs were lower for those aged 18–36 yrs (OR 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11–0.32, p < 0.001), and higher for men aged 37-54 yrs (OR 3.10, 95% CI: 2.00–4.79, p < 0.001). The risk of CRDs increased with illiteracy. (OR 7.41, 95% CI: 1.78–30.92, p = 0.006). Dust exposure was linked to an increased risk of CRDs (OR 9.00, 95% CI: 1.07–76.02, p = 0.044) and improper method of waste disposal (OR 4.55, 95% CI: 1.39–14.86, p = 0.012). The protective factor was LPG use (OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.15–1.58, p < 0.01) for daily cooking (OR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28–0.72, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study found elevated risk is strongly linked to air pollution emissions from sandstone quarries, particularly affecting mine workers and those living within 500 meters of the quarry, other factors like socio-economic status, personal habits & household exposures may increase the risk of developing CRDs.
Keywords: Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRDsCRD), Ambient air pollution, Household air pollution, Sandstone mining, Rajasthan
Received: 01 Jul 2025; Accepted: 30 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yadav, Ahir, Bhati and Gupta. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Suresh Yadav
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