ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Robot. AI
Sec. Biomedical Robotics
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/frobt.2025.1614659
This article is part of the Research TopicRobotics in the Performance, Safety and Learning of Surgery - What Next?View all 5 articles
Accuracy Evaluation of Robotic-Guided Laser Osteotomy for Dental Implant Bed Preparation - A Digital High-Tech Procedure.
Provisionally accepted
Florian M. Thieringer1
Regina Walher2
Florian S. Halbeisen3Quentin Garnier4Adrian Dragu5
Bilal Msallem5*- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- 2Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- 3Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
- 4AOT Advanced Osteotomy Tools AG, Basel, Switzerland
- 5UniversityCenter for Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Background: The accuracy and reproducibility of emerging high-tech workflows for dental implant placement need continuous evaluation to facilitate the transition from physical surgical guides to digital planning systems tailored to patient-specific applications. This study investigates the accuracy of guided implant placement using robot-guided laser technology based on cone-beam computed tomography and intraoral scanning. Methods: Twelve dental implants were placed using surgical planning software and a robot-guided laser osteotome. The procedure incorporated surface scanning and allowed for the freehand creation of the implant bed using a robot-guided laser. Results: The mean overall 3D offset (mean ± SD) was 2.50 ± 1.30 mm at the base and 2.80 ± 1.00 mm at the tip, with a mean angular deviation of 6.60 ± 3.10 degrees. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a considerably greater deviation than conventional guided systems. In the context of the high demands of oral surgery, accuracy is particularly susceptible to fluctuations, some of which may stem from intermediate workflow steps, particularly due to the early development stage of the robotic system. Notably, the absence of real-time depth measurement and robot-assisted implant placement remains a significant constraint. However, future technological advances are expected to address these challenges.
Keywords: dental implant, Dimensional Measurement Accuracy, laser ablation, Oral surgery, precision medicine, Robotic Surgical Procedures
Received: 19 Apr 2025; Accepted: 21 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Thieringer, Walher, Halbeisen, Garnier, Dragu and Msallem. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Bilal Msallem, UniversityCenter for Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.