ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1589424
EAT-Lancet diet and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other liver chronic diseases: A Large Prospective Cohort Study in UK Biobank
Provisionally accepted
Shi-Yi Wu1
Yacong Bo1Ze-Yang Li2Xing-Yue Hu3Yang-Yang Ning4
Jia Huang4Jun-Xi Zhang5
Yong-Jian Zhu6Zeng-Li Yu5
Hongyan Liu4*- 1College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- 2Imperial College London, London, England, United Kingdom
- 3Department of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- 4Department of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- 5NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention & Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, zhengzhou, China
- 6First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Background & Aims: As a newly recommended healthy dietary blueprint, the EAT-Lancet diet is characterized by its emphasis on protecting environmental sustainability and supporting human health. However, its impact on chronic liver diseases remains unclear. The research examined the influence of the EAT-Lancet diet on the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and other chronic liver diseases.: Our study enrolled 160,394 UK Biobank participants who completed 24-hour dietary assessments between April 2009 and June 2012, with subsequent calculation of EAT-Lancet diet scores. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcome (MASLD) and secondary endpoints including cirrhosis, liver cancer, and other liver diseases.Results: 1,727 cases of MASLD, 602 cases of liver cirrhosis, 103 cases of liver cancer, and 2,053 cases of other liver diseases were reported over a median follow-up of 13.3 years. Using the lowest tertile as the reference, the highest EAT-Lancet diet index group demonstrated a 33% reduction in MASLD incidence (HR:0.67, multivariate 95%CI: 0.55, 0.80). In several secondary outcome measures, similar effects were also observed. Furthermore, the risk of MASLD was lowest among individuals with higher EAT-Lancet dietary scores and lower genetic risk (HR=0.52; 95%CI: 0.36-0.74), though no significant interactions were detected between the two groups.Conclusions: Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet is associated with a reduced risk of chronic liver disease, which is not adjusted by genetic factors.
Keywords: EAT-Lancet diet, Polygenic risk score, Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, chronic liver disease, gene-diet interaction
Received: 07 Mar 2025; Accepted: 14 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wu, Bo, Li, Hu, Ning, Huang, Zhang, Zhu, Yu and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Hongyan Liu, Department of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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