ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1592443
Global, regional, and national disease burden of lymphoma and leukemia attributable to high body mass index: from 1990 to 2021
Provisionally accepted
- 1Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- 2Zhuzhou Second Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
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Background: Lymphoma and leukemia were the most common hematological malignancies worldwide. Metabolic factors, such as high body mass index, are potential risk factors for various cancers. This study aimed to analyze the disease burden and the incidence trend of non-Hodgkin and acute leukemia attributable to high BMI around the world from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Using the data released by the Global Burden of Disease study 2021 (GBD 2021), we analyze the disease burden of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute leukemia attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2021 via morbidity, death, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and predict the obesity-related death trend in for the next 20 years (2022-2046).The death cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoid leukemia attributable to BMI in 2021 were 12,796, 11,947 and 4,116 respectively, with an increase of 153,9%, 169.9%, and 92.6% compared with 1990.The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) in 2021 attributable to BMI grew from 0.13/100,00, 0.11/100,000 and 0.05/100,000 in 1990 to 0.15/100,00, 0.14/100,00 and 0.05/100,000 in 2021. In 2021, the number of deaths cases and DALYs case were generally higher in male population and older population. The prediction of the neural network model showed that the incidence and death of the disease would remain high and rise in the next 25 years.High BMI has become a risk factor for leukemia and lymphoma and threatened public health globally. We should pay more attention to the role of metabolic factors and made more proactive and effective strategies.
Keywords: hematological malignancies, Leukemia, Lymphoma, GBD, BMI
Received: 13 Mar 2025; Accepted: 09 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhou, Shan, Yingzhe, Li and Deng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jiwei Li, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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