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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Nutr.

Sec. Nutrition and Sustainable Diets

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1599782

Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Provisionally accepted
Yasmin ZahediYasmin Zahedi1Shayan BonyanpourShayan Bonyanpour1Seyed Danial AlizadehSeyed Danial Alizadeh2Sarah RavankhahSarah Ravankhah3Alireza ZareAlireza Zare4Bahareh IzadiBahareh Izadi5Shant ApelianShant Apelian6Eghbal SekhavatiEghbal Sekhavati5Reza TabriziReza Tabrizi7*
  • 1Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
  • 2Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 3Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Iran
  • 4Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
  • 5Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
  • 6Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences , School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
  • 7Noncommunicable Diseases Research Centre, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

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Infertility, the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse, is a major global health issue, with prevalence rates varying between developed and developing countries. Both male and female infertility rates have been rising annually, with male factors contributing to 20-70% of cases. Infertility is influenced by age, environmental factors, lifestyle choices (such as diet, physical activity, and smoking), and underlying health conditions like diabetes and thyroid disorders. Diet, in particular, has been identified as a key modifiable factor affecting fertility. Chronic inflammation, often driven by poor dietary habits, has been linked to reproductive health issues such as endometriosis, irregular menstrual cycles, and implantation failure. The dDietary iInflammatory iIndex (DII), which measures the inflammatory potential of diets based on 45 food parameters, has been used to explore the relationship between diet and chronic diseases, including infertility. However, prior studies on DII and infertility have produced inconsistent results, and no comprehensive meta-analysis hasd been conducted to synthesize this evidence.

Keywords: Infertility, Immunonutrition Diet, Dietary inflammatory index, Inflammation, Diet

Received: 25 Mar 2025; Accepted: 11 Aug 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Zahedi, Bonyanpour, Alizadeh, Ravankhah, Zare, Izadi, Apelian, Sekhavati and Tabrizi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Reza Tabrizi, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Centre, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material