SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1603670
Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Glycemic and Metabolic Outcomes in People with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-evidence of 39 studies
Provisionally accepted
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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BackgroundBariatric surgery has become a widely utilized therapeutic approach for obesity management and glycemic regulation in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This meta-analysis examines the effects of bariatric surgery on key glycemic and metabolic parameters.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies assessing alterations in outcomes following bariatric surgery compared to baseline measurements. Eligible studies were analyzed using a random-effects model to compute weighted mean differences (WMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsBariatric surgery resulted in 39 with 3,855 participants in significant reductions in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (WMD: -0.82 mg/dL; 95%CI: -0.92 to -0.72), postprandial glucose (PPG) (WMD: -4.15 mg/dL; 95%CI: -5.38 to -2.92), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels (WMD: -2.81; 95% CI: -3.06 to -2.56), C-peptide (WMD: -0.38; 95%CI: -0.73 to -0.03) and fasting insulin (WMD: -0.62; 95% CI: -0.88 to -0.36). No significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels was observed (WMD: -0.17; 95%CI: -0.39 to 0.04). Follow-up periods ranging from 2.3 to 120 months.ConclusionsIt was concluded that the bariatric surgery may have improved the glycemic and metabolic outcomes. Therefore, the results underscore the value of incorporating bariatric surgery into diabetes care strategies, highlighting its potential to enhance long-term diabetes management and mitigate the risk of complications.
Keywords: Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes Mellitus, Meta-analysis, Obesity, systematic review
Received: 31 Mar 2025; Accepted: 13 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wei, Yuan, Wang, Zhao and Fang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Fang Fang, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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