ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1604470
Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score for predicting allcause Mortality in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention after acute myocardial infarction: A Cohort Study
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background: Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, a novel marker reflecting the malnutrition, has been demonstrated to predict all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a wide range of diseases. The research intends to assess the clinical effects of malnutrition on patients who have percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we consecutively enrolled 3258 patients diagnosed with AMI from 2010 to 2016. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the CONUT score: normal, mild malnutrition, and moderate & severe malnutrition. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. We develop cox proportional hazards models to investigate the relationship between the CONUT score and all-cause mortality among patients who underwent PCI after AMI.Results: According to the assessment via the CONUT score, a total of 43.7% patients experienced mild malnutrition, and 4.8% patients experienced moderate & severe malnutrition. During a median follow-up period of 8.6 years, there were 610 patients (18.7%) suffered from all-cause mortality. As malnutrition severity intensified, the occurrence of the primary endpoint saw a steady rise. After adjusting for multiple variables, the group classified with moderate & severe malnutrition exhibited an odds ratio of 1.56 (95% CI 1.13 to 2.15, p=0.007) for the primary endpoint. Incorporating the CONUT score augments the prognostic accuracy of the GRACE risk score in predicting all-cause mortality (Absolute Integrated Discrimination Improvement = 0.008, p <0.001; Category-free Net Reclassification Improvement = 0.144, p=0.001).Conclusion: Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with AMI and is significantly associated with an increased incidence of all-cause mortality. As a nutritional assessment tool, the CONUT score effectively aids in risk stratification and predicts poor prognosis in patients. Additional prospective clinical trials are required to evaluate the influence of nutritional interventions on outcomes in patients undergoing PCI after AMI.
Keywords: Malnutrition, CONUT, acute myocardial infarction, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, prognosis
Received: 01 Apr 2025; Accepted: 13 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Song, Han, Zhang, Yuan, Wang and Sun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Zhaoqing Sun, Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.