ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1605300
Association between dietary vitamin K intake and lipid metabolism among populations with cardiovascular disease
Provisionally accepted
- 1Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- 2Second Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Background The objective of this investigation was to examine the correlation between intake of dietary vitamin K and lipid metabolism in cardiovascular disease populations.The data for this investigation were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014. The exposure variable was the total daily intake of dietary vitamin K (µg). Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) comprised the lipid indicators. To investigate the relationship between vitamin K intake and lipid metabolism, the following analyses were conducted: weighted multiple linear regression, smoothing curve fitting, generalized additive models, threshold analysis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analyses.Ultimately, 1543 participants aged 18 years or older were enrolled. The total daily intake of dietary vitamin K was found to be negatively correlated with TG (β: -15.57, 95% CI: -27.806, -3.333) and TC (β: -6.564, 95% CI: -12.252, -0.877). For each 1 ug increase in the total daily intake of dietary vitamin K, the LDL-C would decrease by 0.510 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.940, -0.078) when the total daily intake of dietary vitamin K was less than 23.7 ug. HDL-C was not influenced by total daily intake of dietary vitamin K. Furthermore, subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses revealed that an increase in the total daily intake of dietary vitamin K was still negatively associated with TG, TC, and LDL.The consumption of foods with high vitamin K levels might contribute to the improvement of TC, TG, and LDL-C levels in CVD populations.
Keywords: dietary vitamin K, Intake, Lipid Metabolism, cardiovascular disease, NHANES
Received: 03 Apr 2025; Accepted: 09 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Wang and Dai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Qiming Dai, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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