ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1606089
Exploring the relationship between appendicular skeletal muscle index and urge urinary incontinence risk in adult women: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Provisionally accepted
- Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) and Urge urinary incontinence (UUI) in a large cohort of adult women.This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during the periods of 2001-2006 and 2011-2018. ASMI was identified as the exposure factor. UUI was the outcome variable. We first compared the baseline characteristics of individuals with and without UUI. The effect of ASMI on UUI was assessed using weighted multivariate logistic regression models. Additionally, the relationship between the two was illustrated using restricted cubic splines.Results: A total of 19,009 women aged 20 and above participated in this study, with 5,960 diagnosed with UUI and 13,049 not affected. The results of the adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant inverse relationship between ASMI and the probability of UUI. Specifically, with every one-unit rise in ASMI, the likelihood of UUI diminished by 69% in the fully adjusted model (OR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.12-0.82; P = 0.02). Furthermore, participants falling within the highest ASMI quartile showed a 28% reduction in UUI risk relative to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55-0.94; P = 0.02). A restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between ASMI and UUI (P for nonlinearity = 0.02).Subgroup analyses suggested that various demographic and health factors did not significantly alter this association.The ASMI was significantly negatively correlated with the risk of UUI, suggesting that an increase in ASMI may have been associated with a lower risk of UUI.
Keywords: urge urinary incontinence, Urinary Incontinence, Appendicular skeletal muscle, Appendicular skeletal muscle index, Sarcopenia, NHANES
Received: 04 Apr 2025; Accepted: 28 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Kangqiang, Lin, Tang, Li and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Lixian Li, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
Li Xian Li, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
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