SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
This article is part of the Research TopicIntegrating Plant Metabolites into Comprehensive Approaches for Disease ManagementView all 6 articles
Potential Benefits of Cuminum cyminum L Supplementation on Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults with Metabolic Disorders: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Provisionally accepted
- 1West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- 2Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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Introduction: Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is recognized for its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which may influence components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults with metabolic disorders. However, previous studies have reported inconclusive and sometimes conflicting results. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of cumin supplementation on MetS components in adults with metabolic disorders. Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed, was conducted up to April 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating cumin supplementation in adults with metabolic disorders. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity. The search was restricted to studies published in English. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's test. Results: A total of nine studies published between 2013 and 2020, with intervention durations ranging from 8 to 24 weeks, were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicate that cumin supplementation significantly affected several components of MetS. Specifically, cumin demonstrated a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) (SMD: -1.38; 95% CI: -2.26 to -0.50, p=0.002; I2= 94.6%, p<0.001), triglycerides (TG) (SMD: -0.58; 95% CI: -1.14, -0.02, p=0.044; I2= 88.7%, p<0.001), and waist circumference (WC) (SMD: -0.46; 95% CI: -0.87, -0.04, p=0.033; I2= 56.1%, p=0.077). Additionally, cumin was associated with a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.02 to 1.52, p= 0.045; I² = 92.3%, p<0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that cumin could have more beneficial effects in older adults (>50 years old) in term of FBS and TG. Also, lower doses of cumin supplementation were responsive for improvement in FBS and HDL-C levels. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that cumin supplementation may have beneficial effects on several components of MetS, including FBS, lipid profile (TG and HDL-C), and WC, in adults with metabolic disorders. However, further high-quality, large-scale trials are needed to strengthen the evidence and confirm these findings.
Keywords: Cuminum, Lipids, Triglycerides, metabolic syndrome, Meta-anaIysis
Received: 25 Apr 2025; Accepted: 28 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Wu and Falahatzadeh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Songze Wu
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