ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1623766
Association between body roundness index and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a disease characterized by interrelated cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic abnormalities. Body roundness index (BRI) is an innovative anthropometric index that characterizes human body shape by calculating body roundness and using eccentricity to estimate visceral and total body fat percentages. The present study aimed to clarify the relation BRI and advanced CKM syndrome.: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2005 and 2018. Tertiles based on data analysis were applied to divide the levels of BRI. Regression methods assessed the association of BRI with the risk of advanced CKM syndrome. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis determined BRI's predictive performance for such a syndrome.The present study included 12,329 cases, with an occurrence rate of advanced CKM at 12.20%. According to the results of regression analysis, there exists a positive relation of BRI with advanced CKM syndrome. After adjustment for covariates, individuals in the highest BRI tertile (T3) were more strongly associated with higher prevalence of advanced CKM syndrome compared with the reference group (odds ratio: 1.49,95% confidence interval: 1.09-2.03, P < 0.001). Smoothed curve-fitting analyses showed a linear trend. The subgroup results were consistent with those for the total results. Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated that BRI was the best factor in predicting advanced CKM syndrome compared with the other anthropometric measures.The increased BRI is related to higher occurrence rate of advanced CKM syndrome. BRI demonstrated a stronger correlation with advanced CKM than traditional measures and warrants consideration as a preferred metric in CKM risk stratification
Keywords: Body roundness index, CKM, NHANES, Obesity, RCS
Received: 06 May 2025; Accepted: 16 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 CHEN, Tu, Liang and Shen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Mo Shen, Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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