ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1674979
Global, regional, and national burden of gastric cancer attributable to diet high in sodium from 1990 to 2021
Provisionally accepted
- Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background: This study, based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, investigates the global and regional burden of gastric cancer attributable to diet high in sodium (GC-DHIS) from 1990 to 2021 and projects trends through 2045, with the aim of providing evidence to inform public health policymaking. Methods: Data were obtained from GBD 2021, covering 204 countries and territories. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used as the primary metric. The Das Gupta method was applied to decompose the drivers of changes in disease burden, and the Nordpred model was used to forecast future trends. Results: Between 1990 and 2021, the global number of DALYs attributable to GC-DHIS decreased by 2%, while deaths increased by 12%. The largest absolute number of DALYs was observed in middle SDI regions, whereas the most rapid growth occurred in low-middle SDI regions. Health inequality analysis revealed that the burden of GC-DHIS was disproportionately concentrated in regions with higher levels of social development. Projections from 2022 to 2045 suggest a significant increase in DALYs and deaths, with a faster rise among males. However, age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) are expected to decline substantially. Conclusion: Despite the global decline in ASDR and ASMR of GC-DHIS, the absolute burden is expected to rise in specific regions and populations, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and control strategies.
Keywords: diet high in sodium, gastric cancer, DALYs, SDI, Cross-national inequality
Received: 28 Jul 2025; Accepted: 22 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ma, Yan, Li and Jiang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Chao Ma, wfmc05@126.com
Yongsheng Jiang, jys1476@zxyy.cn
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.