REVIEW article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition and Metabolism
Resting Energy Expenditure and Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- 2Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Objectives: To explore the complex relationship between resting energy expenditure 2 (REE) and kidney disease, and to synthesize evidence on REE assessment methods, 3 influencing factors, and clinical implications for medical nutrition therapy (MNT). 4 Background: Patients with kidney disease exhibit significant variations in metabolism 5 and energy expenditure, increasing risks of comorbidities and adverse events. Accurate 6 REE assessment is critical for precise energy intake planning and individualized MNT. 7 However, current REE evaluation methods show inconsistencies, and factors driving 8 REE changes (e.g., renal function, inflammation, comorbidities, medications) lack 9 comprehensive analysis. 10 Results: Significant discrepancies were identified across methodologies for assessing 11 REE in kidney disease populations. Multiple disease-related factors—including renal 12 function decline, inflammatory status, comorbidities, and pharmacotherapy—were 13 found to dynamically alter REE patterns. While existing predictive equations offer 14 clinical utility, they demonstrate notable limitations in applicability across diverse 15 patient subgroups. Critically, addressing REE within personalized MNT significantly 16 improves prognostic outcomes in this population. 17 Conclusion: This review consolidates advances in REE-kidney disease research, 18 establishes standardized assessment frameworks, and validates REE's role in prognosis-19 focused MNT. It provides guidance for future studies and clinical practice, emphasizing 20 REE optimization as essential for improving nutritional interventions in nephrology.
Keywords: kidney disease, Resting energy expenditure, Predictive equation, Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Replacement Therapy
Received: 10 Aug 2025; Accepted: 31 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Zhang, Xiao and Sun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiang Xiao, xxiang1001@163.com
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