ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Chem.

Sec. Green and Sustainable Chemistry

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1603584

This article is part of the Research TopicBiomass Conversion: from Mechanism to Energy ApplicationsView all 9 articles

Effect of acid washing and torrefaction combined pretreatment on the properties of waste tobacco stem biomass and the quality of pyrolysis bio-oil

Provisionally accepted
  • 1Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
  • 2合肥物质科学院, 安徽合肥, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Aiming at the issues of low yield and poor quality of bio-oil obtained from direct pyrolysis of biomass, in this study, waste tobacco stems (TS) were used as raw materials, and the pretreatment methods of torrefaction and acid washing were adopted to study the effects of different torrefaction temperatures and pretreatment sequences on the quality of TS biomass and bio-oil. Results showed that combined pretreatment synergistically integrated deoxygenation from torrefaction and deashing from acid washing. High-temperature torrefaction-based combined pretreatment reduced TS oxygen content from 54.83% to 20.14%. Acid washing pretreatment achieved more than 90% removal of inorganic elements (K, Cl and Mg). The order of combined pretreatment also had an important influence on biomass pyrolysis. Torrefaction-acid washing pretreatment decreased ash content of TS, increased the relative content of sugars and aromatic compounds in bio-oil, reduced alcohols and ketones relative contents, and improved bio-oil higher heating value (HHV) and pH. Acid washingtorrefaction pretreatment enhanced bio-oil productivity, increased nitrogen-containing compounds and phenols relative content, reduced acids and aldehydes contents, and lowered bio-oil water and ash contents. Additionally, with the increase in torrefaction temperature, the O/C molar ratio of TS decreased, the HHV of TS increased, and the thermal cracking of nicotine in bio-oil to generate pyridine compounds was promoted.This study demonstrates a viable pathway to convert TS into high-quality fuels and bio-2 oil via combined pretreatment, offering new insights for optimizing biomass pyrolysis technology and enhancing resource utilization efficiency.

Keywords: Waste tobacco stem, torrefaction, Acid washing, Combined pretreatment, Pyrolysis, bio-oil

Received: 31 Mar 2025; Accepted: 06 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Wang, Hu, Zhang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence:
Jianhang Hu, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
Long Zhang, 合肥物质科学院, 安徽合肥, China

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